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    <titleInfo>
        <title>Corpora Annotated with Negation: An Overview</title>
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        <namePart type="given">María</namePart>
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        <namePart type="family">Martín-Valdivia</namePart>
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    <abstract>Negation is a universal linguistic phenomenon with a great qualitative impact on natural language processing applications. The availability of corpora annotated with negation is essential to training negation processing systems. Currently, most corpora have been annotated for English, but the presence of languages other than English on the Internet, such as Chinese or Spanish, is greater every day. In this study, we present a review of the corpora annotated with negation information in several languages with the goal of evaluating what aspects of negation have been annotated and how compatible the corpora are. We conclude that it is very difficult to merge the existing corpora because we found differences in the annotation schemes used, and most importantly, in the annotation guidelines: the way in which each corpus was tokenized and the negation elements that have been annotated. Differently than for other well established tasks like semantic role labeling or parsing, for negation there is no standard annotation scheme nor guidelines, which hampers progress in its treatment.</abstract>
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        <date>2020</date>
        <detail type="volume"><number>46</number></detail>
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%0 Journal Article
%T Corpora Annotated with Negation: An Overview
%A Jiménez-Zafra, Salud María
%A Morante, Roser
%A Martín-Valdivia, María Teresa
%A Ureña-López, L. Alfonso
%J Computational Linguistics
%D 2020
%V 46
%N 1
%I MIT Press
%C Cambridge, MA
%F jimenez-zafra-etal-2020-corpora
%X Negation is a universal linguistic phenomenon with a great qualitative impact on natural language processing applications. The availability of corpora annotated with negation is essential to training negation processing systems. Currently, most corpora have been annotated for English, but the presence of languages other than English on the Internet, such as Chinese or Spanish, is greater every day. In this study, we present a review of the corpora annotated with negation information in several languages with the goal of evaluating what aspects of negation have been annotated and how compatible the corpora are. We conclude that it is very difficult to merge the existing corpora because we found differences in the annotation schemes used, and most importantly, in the annotation guidelines: the way in which each corpus was tokenized and the negation elements that have been annotated. Differently than for other well established tasks like semantic role labeling or parsing, for negation there is no standard annotation scheme nor guidelines, which hampers progress in its treatment.
%R 10.1162/coli_a_00371
%U https://aclanthology.org/2020.cl-1.5
%U https://doi.org/10.1162/coli_a_00371
%P 1-52

Markdown (Informal)

[Corpora Annotated with Negation: An Overview](https://aclanthology.org/2020.cl-1.5) (Jiménez-Zafra et al., CL 2020)

• Corpora Annotated with Negation: An Overview (Jiménez-Zafra et al., CL 2020)

ACL

• Salud María Jiménez-Zafra, Roser Morante, María Teresa Martín-Valdivia, and L. Alfonso Ureña-López. 2020. Corpora Annotated with Negation: An Overview. Computational Linguistics, 46(1):1–52.