Tell Me How to Ask Again: Question Data Augmentation with Controllable Rewriting in Continuous Space

Dayiheng Liu, Yeyun Gong, Jie Fu, Yu Yan, Jiusheng Chen, Jiancheng Lv, Nan Duan, Ming Zhou


Abstract
In this paper, we propose a novel data augmentation method, referred to as Controllable Rewriting based Question Data Augmentation (CRQDA), for machine reading comprehension (MRC), question generation, and question-answering natural language inference tasks. We treat the question data augmentation task as a constrained question rewriting problem to generate context-relevant, high-quality, and diverse question data samples. CRQDA utilizes a Transformer Autoencoder to map the original discrete question into a continuous embedding space. It then uses a pre-trained MRC model to revise the question representation iteratively with gradient-based optimization. Finally, the revised question representations are mapped back into the discrete space, which serve as additional question data. Comprehensive experiments on SQuAD 2.0, SQuAD 1.1 question generation, and QNLI tasks demonstrate the effectiveness of CRQDA.
Anthology ID:
2020.emnlp-main.467
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP)
Month:
November
Year:
2020
Address:
Online
Editors:
Bonnie Webber, Trevor Cohn, Yulan He, Yang Liu
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
5798–5810
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2020.emnlp-main.467
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2020.emnlp-main.467
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Dayiheng Liu, Yeyun Gong, Jie Fu, Yu Yan, Jiusheng Chen, Jiancheng Lv, Nan Duan, and Ming Zhou. 2020. Tell Me How to Ask Again: Question Data Augmentation with Controllable Rewriting in Continuous Space. In Proceedings of the 2020 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), pages 5798–5810, Online. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Tell Me How to Ask Again: Question Data Augmentation with Controllable Rewriting in Continuous Space (Liu et al., EMNLP 2020)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2020.emnlp-main.467.pdf
Video:
 https://slideslive.com/38938874
Code
 dayihengliu/CRQDA
Data
BookCorpusGLUEQNLISQuAD