Wine is not v i n. On the Compatibility of Tokenizations across Languages

Antonis Maronikolakis, Philipp Dufter, Hinrich Schütze


Abstract
The size of the vocabulary is a central design choice in large pretrained language models, with respect to both performance and memory requirements. Typically, subword tokenization algorithms such as byte pair encoding and WordPiece are used. In this work, we investigate the compatibility of tokenizations for multilingual static and contextualized embedding spaces and propose a measure that reflects the compatibility of tokenizations across languages. Our goal is to prevent incompatible tokenizations, e.g., “wine” (word-level) in English vs. “v i n” (character-level) in French, which make it hard to learn good multilingual semantic representations. We show that our compatibility measure allows the system designer to create vocabularies across languages that are compatible – a desideratum that so far has been neglected in multilingual models.
Anthology ID:
2021.findings-emnlp.205
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2021
Month:
November
Year:
2021
Address:
Punta Cana, Dominican Republic
Editors:
Marie-Francine Moens, Xuanjing Huang, Lucia Specia, Scott Wen-tau Yih
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
SIGDAT
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
2382–2399
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2021.findings-emnlp.205
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2021.findings-emnlp.205
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Antonis Maronikolakis, Philipp Dufter, and Hinrich Schütze. 2021. Wine is not v i n. On the Compatibility of Tokenizations across Languages. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2021, pages 2382–2399, Punta Cana, Dominican Republic. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Wine is not v i n. On the Compatibility of Tokenizations across Languages (Maronikolakis et al., Findings 2021)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2021.findings-emnlp.205.pdf
Video:
 https://aclanthology.org/2021.findings-emnlp.205.mp4