Paragraph-level Simplification of Medical Texts

Ashwin Devaraj, Iain Marshall, Byron Wallace, Junyi Jessy Li


Abstract
We consider the problem of learning to simplify medical texts. This is important because most reliable, up-to-date information in biomedicine is dense with jargon and thus practically inaccessible to the lay audience. Furthermore, manual simplification does not scale to the rapidly growing body of biomedical literature, motivating the need for automated approaches. Unfortunately, there are no large-scale resources available for this task. In this work we introduce a new corpus of parallel texts in English comprising technical and lay summaries of all published evidence pertaining to different clinical topics. We then propose a new metric based on likelihood scores from a masked language model pretrained on scientific texts. We show that this automated measure better differentiates between technical and lay summaries than existing heuristics. We introduce and evaluate baseline encoder-decoder Transformer models for simplification and propose a novel augmentation to these in which we explicitly penalize the decoder for producing “jargon” terms; we find that this yields improvements over baselines in terms of readability.
Anthology ID:
2021.naacl-main.395
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies
Month:
June
Year:
2021
Address:
Online
Editors:
Kristina Toutanova, Anna Rumshisky, Luke Zettlemoyer, Dilek Hakkani-Tur, Iz Beltagy, Steven Bethard, Ryan Cotterell, Tanmoy Chakraborty, Yichao Zhou
Venue:
NAACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
4972–4984
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2021.naacl-main.395
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2021.naacl-main.395
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Ashwin Devaraj, Iain Marshall, Byron Wallace, and Junyi Jessy Li. 2021. Paragraph-level Simplification of Medical Texts. In Proceedings of the 2021 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, pages 4972–4984, Online. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Paragraph-level Simplification of Medical Texts (Devaraj et al., NAACL 2021)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2021.naacl-main.395.pdf
Video:
 https://aclanthology.org/2021.naacl-main.395.mp4
Code
 AshOlogn/Paragraph-level-Simplification-of-Medical-Texts
Data
Newsela