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        <title>Weisfeiler-Leman in the Bamboo: Novel AMR Graph Metrics and a Benchmark for AMR Graph Similarity</title>
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    <name type="personal">
        <namePart type="given">Juri</namePart>
        <namePart type="family">Opitz</namePart>
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            <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
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    <name type="personal">
        <namePart type="given">Angel</namePart>
        <namePart type="family">Daza</namePart>
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            <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
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    <name type="personal">
        <namePart type="given">Anette</namePart>
        <namePart type="family">Frank</namePart>
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    <abstract>Several metrics have been proposed for assessing the similarity of (abstract) meaning representations (AMRs), but little is known about how they relate to human similarity ratings. Moreover, the current metrics have complementary strengths and weaknesses: Some emphasize speed, while others make the alignment of graph structures explicit, at the price of a costly alignment step. In this work we propose new Weisfeiler-Leman AMR similarity metrics that unify the strengths of previous metrics, while mitigating their weaknesses. Specifically, our new metrics are able to match contextualized substructures and induce n:m alignments between their nodes. Furthermore, we introduce a Benchmark for AMR Metrics based on Overt Objectives (Bamboo), the first benchmark to support empirical assessment of graph-based MR similarity metrics. Bamboo maximizes the interpretability of results by defining multiple overt objectives that range from sentence similarity objectives to stress tests that probe a metric’s robustness against meaning-altering and meaning- preserving graph transformations. We show the benefits of Bamboo by profiling previous metrics and our own metrics. Results indicate that our novel metrics may serve as a strong baseline for future work.</abstract>
    <identifier type="citekey">opitz-etal-2021-weisfeiler</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.1162/tacl_a_00435</identifier>
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        <url>https://aclanthology.org/2021.tacl-1.85</url>
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    <part>
        <date>2021</date>
        <detail type="volume"><number>9</number></detail>
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            <start>1425</start>
            <end>1441</end>
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%0 Journal Article
%T Weisfeiler-Leman in the Bamboo: Novel AMR Graph Metrics and a Benchmark for AMR Graph Similarity
%A Opitz, Juri
%A Daza, Angel
%A Frank, Anette
%J Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics
%D 2021
%V 9
%I MIT Press
%C Cambridge, MA
%F opitz-etal-2021-weisfeiler
%X Several metrics have been proposed for assessing the similarity of (abstract) meaning representations (AMRs), but little is known about how they relate to human similarity ratings. Moreover, the current metrics have complementary strengths and weaknesses: Some emphasize speed, while others make the alignment of graph structures explicit, at the price of a costly alignment step. In this work we propose new Weisfeiler-Leman AMR similarity metrics that unify the strengths of previous metrics, while mitigating their weaknesses. Specifically, our new metrics are able to match contextualized substructures and induce n:m alignments between their nodes. Furthermore, we introduce a Benchmark for AMR Metrics based on Overt Objectives (Bamboo), the first benchmark to support empirical assessment of graph-based MR similarity metrics. Bamboo maximizes the interpretability of results by defining multiple overt objectives that range from sentence similarity objectives to stress tests that probe a metric’s robustness against meaning-altering and meaning- preserving graph transformations. We show the benefits of Bamboo by profiling previous metrics and our own metrics. Results indicate that our novel metrics may serve as a strong baseline for future work.
%R 10.1162/tacl_a_00435
%U https://aclanthology.org/2021.tacl-1.85
%U https://doi.org/10.1162/tacl_a_00435
%P 1425-1441

Markdown (Informal)

[Weisfeiler-Leman in the Bamboo: Novel AMR Graph Metrics and a Benchmark for AMR Graph Similarity](https://aclanthology.org/2021.tacl-1.85) (Opitz et al., TACL 2021)

• Weisfeiler-Leman in the Bamboo: Novel AMR Graph Metrics and a Benchmark for AMR Graph Similarity (Opitz et al., TACL 2021)

ACL

• Juri Opitz, Angel Daza, and Anette Frank. 2021. Weisfeiler-Leman in the Bamboo: Novel AMR Graph Metrics and a Benchmark for AMR Graph Similarity. Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 9:1425–1441.