%0 Conference Proceedings %T The AI Doctor Is In: A Survey of Task-Oriented Dialogue Systems for Healthcare Applications %A Valizadeh, Mina %A Parde, Natalie %Y Muresan, Smaranda %Y Nakov, Preslav %Y Villavicencio, Aline %S Proceedings of the 60th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers) %D 2022 %8 May %I Association for Computational Linguistics %C Dublin, Ireland %F valizadeh-parde-2022-ai %X Task-oriented dialogue systems are increasingly prevalent in healthcare settings, and have been characterized by a diverse range of architectures and objectives. Although these systems have been surveyed in the medical community from a non-technical perspective, a systematic review from a rigorous computational perspective has to date remained noticeably absent. As a result, many important implementation details of healthcare-oriented dialogue systems remain limited or underspecified, slowing the pace of innovation in this area. To fill this gap, we investigated an initial pool of 4070 papers from well-known computer science, natural language processing, and artificial intelligence venues, identifying 70 papers discussing the system-level implementation of task-oriented dialogue systems for healthcare applications. We conducted a comprehensive technical review of these papers, and present our key findings including identified gaps and corresponding recommendations. %R 10.18653/v1/2022.acl-long.458 %U https://aclanthology.org/2022.acl-long.458 %U https://doi.org/10.18653/v1/2022.acl-long.458 %P 6638-6660