ConvTextTM: An Explainable Convolutional Tsetlin Machine Framework for Text Classification

Bimal Bhattarai, Ole-Christoffer Granmo, Lei Jiao


Abstract
Recent advancements in natural language processing (NLP) have reshaped the industry, with powerful language models such as GPT-3 achieving superhuman performance on various tasks. However, the increasing complexity of such models turns them into “black boxes”, creating uncertainty about their internal operation and decision-making. Tsetlin Machine (TM) employs human-interpretable conjunctive clauses in propositional logic to solve complex pattern recognition problems and has demonstrated competitive performance in various NLP tasks. In this paper, we propose ConvTextTM, a novel convolutional TM architecture for text classification. While legacy TM solutions treat the whole text as a corpus-specific set-of-words (SOW), ConvTextTM breaks down the text into a sequence of text fragments. The convolution over the text fragments opens up for local position-aware analysis. Further, ConvTextTM eliminates the dependency on a corpus-specific vocabulary. Instead, it employs a generic SOW formed by the tokenization scheme of the Bidirectional Encoder Representations from Transformers (BERT). The convolution binds together the tokens, allowing ConvTextTM to address the out-of-vocabulary problem as well as spelling errors. We investigate the local explainability of our proposed method using clause-based features. Extensive experiments are conducted on seven datasets, to demonstrate that the accuracy of ConvTextTM is either superior or comparable to state-of-the-art baselines.
Anthology ID:
2022.lrec-1.401
Volume:
Proceedings of the Thirteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference
Month:
June
Year:
2022
Address:
Marseille, France
Editors:
Nicoletta Calzolari, Frédéric Béchet, Philippe Blache, Khalid Choukri, Christopher Cieri, Thierry Declerck, Sara Goggi, Hitoshi Isahara, Bente Maegaard, Joseph Mariani, Hélène Mazo, Jan Odijk, Stelios Piperidis
Venue:
LREC
SIG:
Publisher:
European Language Resources Association
Note:
Pages:
3761–3770
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2022.lrec-1.401
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Bimal Bhattarai, Ole-Christoffer Granmo, and Lei Jiao. 2022. ConvTextTM: An Explainable Convolutional Tsetlin Machine Framework for Text Classification. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, pages 3761–3770, Marseille, France. European Language Resources Association.
Cite (Informal):
ConvTextTM: An Explainable Convolutional Tsetlin Machine Framework for Text Classification (Bhattarai et al., LREC 2022)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2022.lrec-1.401.pdf
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