A STEP towards Interpretable Multi-Hop Reasoning:Bridge Phrase Identification and Query Expansion

Fan Luo, Mihai Surdeanu


Abstract
We propose an unsupervised method for the identification of bridge phrases in multi-hop question answering (QA). Our method constructs a graph of noun phrases from the question and the available context, and applies the Steiner tree algorithm to identify the minimal sub-graph that connects all question phrases. Nodes in the sub-graph that bridge loosely-connected or disjoint subsets of question phrases due to low-strength semantic relations are extracted as bridge phrases. The identified bridge phrases are then used to expand the query based on the initial question, helping in increasing the relevance of evidence that has little lexical overlap or semantic relation with the question. Through an evaluation on HotpotQA, a popular dataset for multi-hop QA, we show that our method yields: (a) improved evidence retrieval, (b) improved QA performance when using the retrieved sentences; and (c) effective and faithful explanations when answers are provided.
Anthology ID:
2022.lrec-1.485
Volume:
Proceedings of the Thirteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference
Month:
June
Year:
2022
Address:
Marseille, France
Editors:
Nicoletta Calzolari, Frédéric Béchet, Philippe Blache, Khalid Choukri, Christopher Cieri, Thierry Declerck, Sara Goggi, Hitoshi Isahara, Bente Maegaard, Joseph Mariani, Hélène Mazo, Jan Odijk, Stelios Piperidis
Venue:
LREC
SIG:
Publisher:
European Language Resources Association
Note:
Pages:
4552–4560
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2022.lrec-1.485
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Fan Luo and Mihai Surdeanu. 2022. A STEP towards Interpretable Multi-Hop Reasoning:Bridge Phrase Identification and Query Expansion. In Proceedings of the Thirteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, pages 4552–4560, Marseille, France. European Language Resources Association.
Cite (Informal):
A STEP towards Interpretable Multi-Hop Reasoning:Bridge Phrase Identification and Query Expansion (Luo & Surdeanu, LREC 2022)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2022.lrec-1.485.pdf
Data
HotpotQAMS MARCO