Morphology Without Borders: Clause-Level Morphology

Omer Goldman, Reut Tsarfaty


Abstract
Morphological tasks use large multi-lingual datasets that organize words into inflection tables, which then serve as training and evaluation data for various tasks. However, a closer inspection of these data reveals profound cross-linguistic inconsistencies, which arise from the lack of a clear linguistic and operational definition of what is a word, and which severely impair the universality of the derived tasks. To overcome this deficiency, we propose to view morphology as a clause-level phenomenon, rather than word-level. It is anchored in a fixed yet inclusive set of features, that encapsulates all functions realized in a saturated clause. We deliver MightyMorph, a novel dataset for clause-level morphology covering 4 typologically different languages: English, German, Turkish, and Hebrew. We use this dataset to derive 3 clause-level morphological tasks: inflection, reinflection and analysis. Our experiments show that the clause-level tasks are substantially harder than the respective word-level tasks, while having comparable complexity across languages. Furthermore, redefining morphology to the clause-level provides a neat interface with contextualized language models (LMs) and allows assessing the morphological knowledge encoded in these models and their usability for morphological tasks. Taken together, this work opens up new horizons in the study of computational morphology, leaving ample space for studying neural morphology cross-linguistically.
Anthology ID:
2022.tacl-1.83
Volume:
Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Volume 10
Month:
Year:
2022
Address:
Cambridge, MA
Editors:
Brian Roark, Ani Nenkova
Venue:
TACL
SIG:
Publisher:
MIT Press
Note:
Pages:
1455–1472
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2022.tacl-1.83
DOI:
10.1162/tacl_a_00528
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Omer Goldman and Reut Tsarfaty. 2022. Morphology Without Borders: Clause-Level Morphology. Transactions of the Association for Computational Linguistics, 10:1455–1472.
Cite (Informal):
Morphology Without Borders: Clause-Level Morphology (Goldman & Tsarfaty, TACL 2022)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2022.tacl-1.83.pdf