Prompt-based Extraction of Social Determinants of Health Using Few-shot Learning

Giridhar Kaushik Ramachandran, Yujuan Fu, Bin Han, Kevin Lybarger, Nic Dobbins, Ozlem Uzuner, Meliha Yetisgen


Abstract
Social determinants of health (SDOH) documented in the electronic health record through unstructured text are increasingly being studied to understand how SDOH impacts patient health outcomes. In this work, we utilize the Social History Annotation Corpus (SHAC), a multi-institutional corpus of de-identified social history sections annotated for SDOH, including substance use, employment, and living status information. We explore the automatic extraction of SDOH information with SHAC in both standoff and inline annotation formats using GPT-4 in a one-shot prompting setting. We compare GPT-4 extraction performance with a high-performing supervised approach and perform thorough error analyses. Our prompt-based GPT-4 method achieved an overall 0.652 F1 on the SHAC test set, similar to the 7th best-performing system among all teams in the n2c2 challenge with SHAC.
Anthology ID:
2023.clinicalnlp-1.41
Volume:
Proceedings of the 5th Clinical Natural Language Processing Workshop
Month:
July
Year:
2023
Address:
Toronto, Canada
Editors:
Tristan Naumann, Asma Ben Abacha, Steven Bethard, Kirk Roberts, Anna Rumshisky
Venue:
ClinicalNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
385–393
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.clinicalnlp-1.41
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2023.clinicalnlp-1.41
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Giridhar Kaushik Ramachandran, Yujuan Fu, Bin Han, Kevin Lybarger, Nic Dobbins, Ozlem Uzuner, and Meliha Yetisgen. 2023. Prompt-based Extraction of Social Determinants of Health Using Few-shot Learning. In Proceedings of the 5th Clinical Natural Language Processing Workshop, pages 385–393, Toronto, Canada. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Prompt-based Extraction of Social Determinants of Health Using Few-shot Learning (Ramachandran et al., ClinicalNLP 2023)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.clinicalnlp-1.41.pdf