Investigating Bias in Multilingual Language Models: Cross-Lingual Transfer of Debiasing Techniques

Manon Reusens, Philipp Borchert, Margot Mieskes, Jochen De Weerdt, Bart Baesens


Abstract
This paper investigates the transferability of debiasing techniques across different languages within multilingual models. We examine the applicability of these techniques in English, French, German, and Dutch. Using multilingual BERT (mBERT), we demonstrate that cross-lingual transfer of debiasing techniques is not only feasible but also yields promising results. Surprisingly, our findings reveal no performance disadvantages when applying these techniques to non-English languages. Using translations of the CrowS-Pairs dataset, our analysis identifies SentenceDebias as the best technique across different languages, reducing bias in mBERT by an average of 13%. We also find that debiasing techniques with additional pretraining exhibit enhanced cross-lingual effectiveness for the languages included in the analyses, particularly in lower-resource languages. These novel insights contribute to a deeper understanding of bias mitigation in multilingual language models and provide practical guidance for debiasing techniques in different language contexts.
Anthology ID:
2023.emnlp-main.175
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Month:
December
Year:
2023
Address:
Singapore
Editors:
Houda Bouamor, Juan Pino, Kalika Bali
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
2887–2896
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-main.175
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2023.emnlp-main.175
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Manon Reusens, Philipp Borchert, Margot Mieskes, Jochen De Weerdt, and Bart Baesens. 2023. Investigating Bias in Multilingual Language Models: Cross-Lingual Transfer of Debiasing Techniques. In Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 2887–2896, Singapore. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Investigating Bias in Multilingual Language Models: Cross-Lingual Transfer of Debiasing Techniques (Reusens et al., EMNLP 2023)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-main.175.pdf
Video:
 https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-main.175.mp4