CRAB: Assessing the Strength of Causal Relationships Between Real-world Events

Angelika Romanou, Syrielle Montariol, Debjit Paul, Leo Laugier, Karl Aberer, Antoine Bosselut


Abstract
Understanding narratives requires reasoning about the cause-and-effect relationships between events mentioned in the text. While existing foundation models yield impressive results in many NLP tasks requiring reasoning, it is unclear whether they understand the complexity of the underlying network of causal relationships of events in narratives. In this work, we present CRAB, a new Causal Reasoning Assessment Benchmark designed to evaluate causal understanding of events in real-world narratives. CRAB contains fine-grained, contextual causality annotations for ~2.7K pairs of real-world events that describe various newsworthy event timelines (e.g., the acquisition of Twitter by Elon Musk). Using CRAB, we measure the performance of several large language models, demonstrating that most systems achieve poor performance on the task. Motivated by classical causal principles, we also analyze the causal structures of groups of events in CRAB, and find that models perform worse on causal reasoning when events are derived from complex causal structures compared to simple linear causal chains. We make our dataset and code available to the research community.
Anthology ID:
2023.emnlp-main.940
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Month:
December
Year:
2023
Address:
Singapore
Editors:
Houda Bouamor, Juan Pino, Kalika Bali
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
15198–15216
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-main.940
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2023.emnlp-main.940
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Angelika Romanou, Syrielle Montariol, Debjit Paul, Leo Laugier, Karl Aberer, and Antoine Bosselut. 2023. CRAB: Assessing the Strength of Causal Relationships Between Real-world Events. In Proceedings of the 2023 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 15198–15216, Singapore. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
CRAB: Assessing the Strength of Causal Relationships Between Real-world Events (Romanou et al., EMNLP 2023)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-main.940.pdf
Video:
 https://aclanthology.org/2023.emnlp-main.940.mp4