1-step Speech Understanding and Transcription Using CTC Loss

Singla Karan, Jalalv Shahab, Kim Yeon-Jun, Ljolje Andrej, Daniel Antonio Moreno, Bangalore Srinivas, Stern Benjamin


Abstract
Recent studies have made some progress in refining end-to-end (E2E) speech recognition encoders by applying Connectionist Temporal Classification (CTC) loss to enhance named entity recognition within transcriptions. However, these methods have been constrained by their exclusive use of the ASCII character set, allowing only a limited array of semantic labels. We propose 1SPU, a 1-step Speech Processing Unit which can recognize speech events (e.g: speaker change) or an NL event (Intent, Emotion) while also transcribing vocal content. It extends the E2E automatic speech recognition (ASR) system’s vocabulary by adding a set of unused placeholder symbols, conceptually akin to the <pad> tokens used in sequence modeling. These placeholders are then assigned to represent semantic events (in form of tags) and are integrated into the transcription process as distinct tokens. We demonstrate notable improvements on the SLUE benchmark and yields results that are on par with those for the SLURP dataset. Additionally, we provide a visual analysis of the system’s proficiency in accurately pinpointing meaningful tokens over time, illustrating the enhancement in transcription quality through the utilization of supplementary semantic tags.
Anthology ID:
2023.icon-1.29
Volume:
Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Natural Language Processing (ICON)
Month:
December
Year:
2023
Address:
Goa University, Goa, India
Editors:
D. Pawar Jyoti, Lalitha Devi Sobha
Venue:
ICON
SIG:
SIGLEX
Publisher:
NLP Association of India (NLPAI)
Note:
Pages:
370–377
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.icon-1.29
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Singla Karan, Jalalv Shahab, Kim Yeon-Jun, Ljolje Andrej, Daniel Antonio Moreno, Bangalore Srinivas, and Stern Benjamin. 2023. 1-step Speech Understanding and Transcription Using CTC Loss. In Proceedings of the 20th International Conference on Natural Language Processing (ICON), pages 370–377, Goa University, Goa, India. NLP Association of India (NLPAI).
Cite (Informal):
1-step Speech Understanding and Transcription Using CTC Loss (Karan et al., ICON 2023)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.icon-1.29.pdf