Information-Theoretic Characterization of Vowel Harmony: A Cross-Linguistic Study on Word Lists

Julius Steuer, Johann-Mattis List, Badr M. Abdullah, Dietrich Klakow


Abstract
We present a cross-linguistic study of vowel harmony that aims to quantifies this phenomenon using data-driven computational modeling. Concretely, we define an information-theoretic measure of harmonicity based on the predictability of vowels in a natural language lexicon, which we estimate using phoneme-level language models (PLMs). Prior quantitative studies have heavily relied on inflected word-forms in the analysis on vowel harmony. On the contrary, we train our models using cross-linguistically comparable lemma forms with little or no inflection, which enables us to cover more under-studied languages. Training data for our PLMs consists of word lists offering a maximum of 1000 entries per language. Despite the fact that the data we employ are substantially smaller than previously used corpora, our experiments demonstrate the neural PLMs capture vowel harmony patterns in a set of languages that exhibit this phenomenon. Our work also demonstrates that word lists are a valuable resource for typological research, and offers new possibilities for future studies on low-resource, under-studied languages.
Anthology ID:
2023.sigtyp-1.10
Volume:
Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Research in Computational Linguistic Typology and Multilingual NLP
Month:
May
Year:
2023
Address:
Dubrovnik, Croatia
Editors:
Lisa Beinborn, Koustava Goswami, Saliha Muradoğlu, Alexey Sorokin, Ritesh Kumar, Andreas Shcherbakov, Edoardo M. Ponti, Ryan Cotterell, Ekaterina Vylomova
Venue:
SIGTYP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
96–109
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.sigtyp-1.10
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2023.sigtyp-1.10
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Julius Steuer, Johann-Mattis List, Badr M. Abdullah, and Dietrich Klakow. 2023. Information-Theoretic Characterization of Vowel Harmony: A Cross-Linguistic Study on Word Lists. In Proceedings of the 5th Workshop on Research in Computational Linguistic Typology and Multilingual NLP, pages 96–109, Dubrovnik, Croatia. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Information-Theoretic Characterization of Vowel Harmony: A Cross-Linguistic Study on Word Lists (Steuer et al., SIGTYP 2023)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.sigtyp-1.10.pdf