Linguistically Motivated Evaluation of the 2023 State-of-the-art Machine Translation: Can ChatGPT Outperform NMT?

Shushen Manakhimova, Eleftherios Avramidis, Vivien Macketanz, Ekaterina Lapshinova-Koltunski, Sergei Bagdasarov, Sebastian Möller


Abstract
This paper offers a fine-grained analysis of the machine translation outputs in the context of the Shared Task at the 8th Conference of Machine Translation (WMT23). Building on the foundation of previous test suite efforts, our analysis includes Large Language Models and an updated test set featuring new linguistic phenomena. To our knowledge, this is the first fine-grained linguistic analysis for the GPT-4 translation outputs. Our evaluation spans German-English, English-German, and English-Russian language directions. Some of the phenomena with the lowest accuracies for German-English are idioms and resultative predicates. For English-German, these include mediopassive voice, and noun formation(er). As for English-Russian, these included idioms and semantic roles. GPT-4 performs equally or comparably to the best systems in German-English and English-German but falls in the second significance cluster for English-Russian.
Anthology ID:
2023.wmt-1.23
Original:
2023.wmt-1.23v1
Version 2:
2023.wmt-1.23v2
Volume:
Proceedings of the Eighth Conference on Machine Translation
Month:
December
Year:
2023
Address:
Singapore
Editors:
Philipp Koehn, Barry Haddow, Tom Kocmi, Christof Monz
Venue:
WMT
SIG:
SIGMT
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
224–245
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.wmt-1.23
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2023.wmt-1.23
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Shushen Manakhimova, Eleftherios Avramidis, Vivien Macketanz, Ekaterina Lapshinova-Koltunski, Sergei Bagdasarov, and Sebastian Möller. 2023. Linguistically Motivated Evaluation of the 2023 State-of-the-art Machine Translation: Can ChatGPT Outperform NMT?. In Proceedings of the Eighth Conference on Machine Translation, pages 224–245, Singapore. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Linguistically Motivated Evaluation of the 2023 State-of-the-art Machine Translation: Can ChatGPT Outperform NMT? (Manakhimova et al., WMT 2023)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2023.wmt-1.23.pdf