Token-wise Influential Training Data Retrieval for Large Language Models

Huawei Lin, Jikai Long, Zhaozhuo Xu, Weijie Zhao


Abstract
Given a Large Language Model (LLM) generation, how can we identify which training data led to this generation? In this paper, we proposed RapidIn, a scalable framework adapting to LLMs for estimating the influence of each training data. The proposed framework consists of two stages: caching and retrieval. First, we compress the gradient vectors by over 200,000x, allowing them to be cached on disk or in GPU/CPU memory. Then, given a generation, RapidIn efficiently traverses the cached gradients to estimate the influence within minutes, achieving over a 6,326x speedup. Moreover, RapidIn supports multi-GPU parallelization to substantially accelerate caching and retrieval. Our empirical result confirms the efficiency and effectiveness of RapidIn.
Anthology ID:
2024.acl-long.48
Volume:
Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
August
Year:
2024
Address:
Bangkok, Thailand
Editors:
Lun-Wei Ku, Andre Martins, Vivek Srikumar
Venue:
ACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
841–860
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.acl-long.48
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Huawei Lin, Jikai Long, Zhaozhuo Xu, and Weijie Zhao. 2024. Token-wise Influential Training Data Retrieval for Large Language Models. In Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 841–860, Bangkok, Thailand. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Token-wise Influential Training Data Retrieval for Large Language Models (Lin et al., ACL 2024)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.acl-long.48.pdf