Navigating the Shadows: Unveiling Effective Disturbances for Modern AI Content Detectors

Ying Zhou, Ben He, Le Sun


Abstract
With the launch of ChatGPT, large language models (LLMs) have attracted global attention. In the realm of article writing, LLMs have witnessed extensive utilization, giving rise to concerns related to intellectual property protection, personal privacy, and academic integrity. In response, AI-text detection has emerged to distinguish between human and machine-generated content. However, recent research indicates that these detection systems often lack robustness and struggle to effectively differentiate perturbed texts. Currently, there is a lack of systematic evaluations regarding detection performance in real-world applications, and a comprehensive examination of perturbation techniques and detector robustness is also absent. To bridge this gap, our work simulates real-world scenarios in both informal and professional writing, exploring the out-of-the-box performance of current detectors. Additionally, we have constructed 12 black-box text perturbation methods to assess the robustness of current detection models across various perturbation granularities. Furthermore, through adversarial learning experiments, we investigate the impact of perturbation data augmentation on the robustness of AI-text detectors. We have released our code and data at https://github.com/zhouying20/ai-text-detector-evaluation.
Anthology ID:
2024.acl-long.584
Volume:
Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
August
Year:
2024
Address:
Bangkok, Thailand
Editors:
Lun-Wei Ku, Andre Martins, Vivek Srikumar
Venue:
ACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
10847–10861
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.acl-long.584
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Ying Zhou, Ben He, and Le Sun. 2024. Navigating the Shadows: Unveiling Effective Disturbances for Modern AI Content Detectors. In Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 10847–10861, Bangkok, Thailand. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Navigating the Shadows: Unveiling Effective Disturbances for Modern AI Content Detectors (Zhou et al., ACL 2024)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.acl-long.584.pdf