Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said

Yejin Bang, Delong Chen, Nayeon Lee, Pascale Fung


Abstract
We propose to measure political bias in LLMs by analyzing both the content and style of their generated content regarding political issues. Existing benchmarks and measures focus on gender and racial biases. However, political bias exists in LLMs and can lead to polarization and other harms in downstream applications. In order to provide transparency to users, we advocate that there should be fine-grained and explainable measures of political biases generated by LLMs. Our proposed measure looks at different political issues such as reproductive rights and climate change, at both the content (the substance of the generation) and the style (the lexical polarity) of such bias. We measured the political bias in eleven open-sourced LLMs and showed that our proposed framework is easily scalable to other topics and is explainable.
Anthology ID:
2024.acl-long.600
Volume:
Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
August
Year:
2024
Address:
Bangkok, Thailand
Editors:
Lun-Wei Ku, Andre Martins, Vivek Srikumar
Venue:
ACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
11142–11159
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.acl-long.600
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Yejin Bang, Delong Chen, Nayeon Lee, and Pascale Fung. 2024. Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said. In Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 11142–11159, Bangkok, Thailand. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Measuring Political Bias in Large Language Models: What Is Said and How It Is Said (Bang et al., ACL 2024)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.acl-long.600.pdf