More frequent verbs are associated with more diverse valency frames: Efficient principles at the lexicon-grammar interface

Siyu Tao, Lucia Donatelli, Michael Hahn


Abstract
A substantial body of work has provided evidence that the lexicons of natural languages are organized to support efficient communication. However, existing work has largely focused on word-internal properties, such as Zipf’s observation that more frequent words are optimized in form to minimize communicative cost. Here, we investigate the hypothesis that efficient lexicon organization is also reflected in valency, or the combinations and orders of additional words and phrases a verb selects for in a sentence. We consider two measures of valency diversity for verbs: valency frame count (VFC), the number of distinct frames associated with a verb, and valency frame entropy (VFE), the average information content of frame selection associated with a verb. Using data from 79 languages, we provide evidence that more frequent verbs are associated with a greater diversity of valency frames, suggesting that the organization of valency is consistent with communicative efficiency principles. We discuss our findings in relation to classical findings such as Zipf’s meaning-frequency law and the principle of least effort, as well as implications for theories of valency and communicative efficiency principles.
Anthology ID:
2024.acl-long.635
Volume:
Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
August
Year:
2024
Address:
Bangkok, Thailand
Editors:
Lun-Wei Ku, Andre Martins, Vivek Srikumar
Venue:
ACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
11795–11810
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.acl-long.635
DOI:
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Cite (ACL):
Siyu Tao, Lucia Donatelli, and Michael Hahn. 2024. More frequent verbs are associated with more diverse valency frames: Efficient principles at the lexicon-grammar interface. In Proceedings of the 62nd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 11795–11810, Bangkok, Thailand. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
More frequent verbs are associated with more diverse valency frames: Efficient principles at the lexicon-grammar interface (Tao et al., ACL 2024)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.acl-long.635.pdf