Mention-Agnostic Information Extraction for Ontological Annotation of Biomedical Articles

Oumaima El Khettari, Noriki Nishida, Shanshan Liu, Rumana Ferdous Munne, Yuki Yamagata, Solen Quiniou, Samuel Chaffron, Yuji Matsumoto


Abstract
Biomedical information extraction is crucial for advancing research, enhancing healthcare, and discovering treatments by efficiently analyzing extensive data. Given the extensive amount of biomedical data available, automated information extraction methods are necessary due to manual extraction’s labor-intensive, expertise-dependent, and costly nature. In this paper, we propose a novel two-stage system for information extraction where we annotate biomedical articles based on a specific ontology (HOIP). The major challenge is annotating relation between biomedical processes often not explicitly mentioned in text articles. Here, we first predict the candidate processes and then determine the relationships between these processes. The experimental results show promising outcomes in mention-agnostic process identification using Large Language Models (LLMs). In relation classification, BERT-based supervised models still outperform LLMs significantly. The end-to-end evaluation results suggest the difficulty of this task and room for improvement in both process identification and relation classification.
Anthology ID:
2024.bionlp-1.37
Volume:
Proceedings of the 23rd Workshop on Biomedical Natural Language Processing
Month:
August
Year:
2024
Address:
Bangkok, Thailand
Editors:
Dina Demner-Fushman, Sophia Ananiadou, Makoto Miwa, Kirk Roberts, Junichi Tsujii
Venues:
BioNLP | WS
SIG:
SIGBIOMED
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
457–473
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.37
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2024.bionlp-1.37
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Oumaima El Khettari, Noriki Nishida, Shanshan Liu, Rumana Ferdous Munne, Yuki Yamagata, Solen Quiniou, Samuel Chaffron, and Yuji Matsumoto. 2024. Mention-Agnostic Information Extraction for Ontological Annotation of Biomedical Articles. In Proceedings of the 23rd Workshop on Biomedical Natural Language Processing, pages 457–473, Bangkok, Thailand. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Mention-Agnostic Information Extraction for Ontological Annotation of Biomedical Articles (El Khettari et al., BioNLP-WS 2024)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.bionlp-1.37.pdf