From Insights to Actions: The Impact of Interpretability and Analysis Research on NLP

Marius Mosbach, Vagrant Gautam, Tomás Vergara Browne, Dietrich Klakow, Mor Geva


Abstract
Interpretability and analysis (IA) research is a growing subfield within NLP with the goal of developing a deeper understanding of the behavior or inner workings of NLP systems and methods. Despite growing interest in the subfield, a criticism of this work is that it lacks actionable insights and therefore has little impact on NLP. In this paper, we seek to quantify the impact of IA research on the broader field of NLP. We approach this with a mixed-methods analysis of: (1) a citation graph of 185K+ papers built from all papers published at ACL and EMNLP conferences from 2018 to 2023, and their references and citations, and (2) a survey of 138 members of the NLP community. Our quantitative results show that IA work is well-cited outside of IA, and central in the NLP citation graph. Through qualitative analysis of survey responses and manual annotation of 556 papers, we find that NLP researchers build on findings from IA work and perceive it as important for progress in NLP, multiple subfields, and rely on its findings and terminology for their own work. Many novel methods are proposed based on IA findings and highly influenced by them, but highly influential non-IA work cites IA findings without being driven by them. We end by summarizing what is missing in IA work today and provide a call to action, to pave the way for a more impactful future of IA research.
Anthology ID:
2024.emnlp-main.181
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
Month:
November
Year:
2024
Address:
Miami, Florida, USA
Editors:
Yaser Al-Onaizan, Mohit Bansal, Yun-Nung Chen
Venue:
EMNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
3078–3105
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.emnlp-main.181
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2024.emnlp-main.181
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Marius Mosbach, Vagrant Gautam, Tomás Vergara Browne, Dietrich Klakow, and Mor Geva. 2024. From Insights to Actions: The Impact of Interpretability and Analysis Research on NLP. In Proceedings of the 2024 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 3078–3105, Miami, Florida, USA. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
From Insights to Actions: The Impact of Interpretability and Analysis Research on NLP (Mosbach et al., EMNLP 2024)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.emnlp-main.181.pdf