Cocktail: A Comprehensive Information Retrieval Benchmark with LLM-Generated Documents Integration

Sunhao Dai, Weihao Liu, Yuqi Zhou, Liang Pang, Rongju Ruan, Gang Wang, Zhenhua Dong, Jun Xu, Ji-Rong Wen


Abstract
The proliferation of Large Language Models (LLMs) has led to an influx of AI-generated content (AIGC) on the internet, transforming the corpus of Information Retrieval (IR) systems from solely human-written to a coexistence with LLM-generated content. The impact of this surge in AIGC on IR systems remains an open question, with the primary challenge being the lack of a dedicated benchmark for researchers. In this paper, we introduce Cocktail, a comprehensive benchmark tailored for evaluating IR models in this mixed-sourced data landscape of the LLM era. Cocktail consists of 16 diverse datasets with mixed human-written and LLM-generated corpora across various text retrieval tasks and domains. Additionally, to avoid the potential bias from previously included dataset information in LLMs, we also introduce an up-to-date dataset, named NQ-UTD, with queries derived from recent events. Through conducting over 1,000 experiments to assess state-of-the-art retrieval models against the benchmarked datasets in Cocktail, we uncover a clear trade-off between ranking performance and source bias in neural retrieval models, highlighting the necessity for a balanced approach in designing future IR systems. We hope Cocktail can serve as a foundational resource for IR research in the LLM era, with all data and code publicly available at https://github.com/KID-22/Cocktail.
Anthology ID:
2024.findings-acl.421
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024
Month:
August
Year:
2024
Address:
Bangkok, Thailand
Editors:
Lun-Wei Ku, Andre Martins, Vivek Srikumar
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
7052–7074
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-acl.421
DOI:
10.18653/v1/2024.findings-acl.421
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Sunhao Dai, Weihao Liu, Yuqi Zhou, Liang Pang, Rongju Ruan, Gang Wang, Zhenhua Dong, Jun Xu, and Ji-Rong Wen. 2024. Cocktail: A Comprehensive Information Retrieval Benchmark with LLM-Generated Documents Integration. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2024, pages 7052–7074, Bangkok, Thailand. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Cocktail: A Comprehensive Information Retrieval Benchmark with LLM-Generated Documents Integration (Dai et al., Findings 2024)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-acl.421.pdf