BloomVQA: Assessing Hierarchical Multi-modal Comprehension

Yunye Gong, Robik Shrestha, Jared Claypoole, Michael Cogswell, Arijit Ray, Christopher Kanan, Ajay Divakaran


Abstract
We propose a novel VQA dataset, BloomVQA, to facilitate comprehensive evaluation of large vision-language models on comprehension tasks. Unlike current benchmarks that often focus on fact-based memorization and simple reasoning tasks without theoretical grounding, we collect multiple-choice samples based on picture stories that reflect different levels of comprehension, as laid out in Bloom’s Taxonomy, a classic framework for learning assessment widely adopted in education research. Our data maps to a novel hierarchical graph representation which enables automatic data augmentation and novel measures characterizing model consistency. We perform graded evaluation and reliability analysis on recent multi-modal models. In comparison to low-level tasks, we observe decreased performance on tasks requiring advanced comprehension and cognitive skills with up to 38.0% drop in VQA accuracy. In comparison to earlier models, GPT-4V demonstrates improved accuracy over all comprehension levels and also shows a tendency of bypassing visual inputs especially for higher-level tasks. Current models also show consistency patterns misaligned with human comprehension in various scenarios, demonstrating the need for improvement based on theoretically-grounded criteria. The dataset can be accessed at https://huggingface.co/datasets/ygong/BloomVQA.
Anthology ID:
2024.findings-acl.885
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024
Month:
August
Year:
2024
Address:
Bangkok, Thailand and virtual meeting
Editors:
Lun-Wei Ku, Andre Martins, Vivek Srikumar
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
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Pages:
14905–14918
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URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-acl.885
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Yunye Gong, Robik Shrestha, Jared Claypoole, Michael Cogswell, Arijit Ray, Christopher Kanan, and Ajay Divakaran. 2024. BloomVQA: Assessing Hierarchical Multi-modal Comprehension. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics ACL 2024, pages 14905–14918, Bangkok, Thailand and virtual meeting. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
BloomVQA: Assessing Hierarchical Multi-modal Comprehension (Gong et al., Findings 2024)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-acl.885.pdf