LLM-as-a-Coauthor: Can Mixed Human-Written and Machine-Generated Text Be Detected?

Qihui Zhang, Chujie Gao, Dongping Chen, Yue Huang, Yixin Huang, Zhenyang Sun, Shilin Zhang, Weiye Li, Zhengyan Fu, Yao Wan, Lichao Sun


Abstract
With the rapid development and widespread application of Large Language Models (LLMs), the use of Machine-Generated Text (MGT) has become increasingly common, bringing with it potential risks, especially in terms of quality and integrity in fields like news, education, and science. Current research mainly focuses on purely MGT detection, without adequately addressing mixed scenarios including AI-revised Human-Written Text (HWT) or human-revised MGT. To tackle this challenge, we define mixtext, a form of mixed text involving both AI and human-generated content. Then we introduce MixSet, the first dataset dedicated to studying these mixtext scenarios. Leveraging MixSet, we executed comprehensive experiments to assess the efficacy of prevalent MGT detectors in handling mixtext situations, evaluating their performance in terms of effectiveness, robustness, and generalization. Our findings reveal that existing detectors struggle to identify mixtext, particularly in dealing with subtle modifications and style adaptability. This research underscores the urgent need for more fine-grain detectors tailored for mixtext, offering valuable insights for future research. Code and Models are available at https://github.com/Dongping-Chen/MixSet.
Anthology ID:
2024.findings-naacl.29
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: NAACL 2024
Month:
June
Year:
2024
Address:
Mexico City, Mexico
Editors:
Kevin Duh, Helena Gomez, Steven Bethard
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
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Pages:
409–436
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URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-naacl.29
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Cite (ACL):
Qihui Zhang, Chujie Gao, Dongping Chen, Yue Huang, Yixin Huang, Zhenyang Sun, Shilin Zhang, Weiye Li, Zhengyan Fu, Yao Wan, and Lichao Sun. 2024. LLM-as-a-Coauthor: Can Mixed Human-Written and Machine-Generated Text Be Detected?. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: NAACL 2024, pages 409–436, Mexico City, Mexico. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
LLM-as-a-Coauthor: Can Mixed Human-Written and Machine-Generated Text Be Detected? (Zhang et al., Findings 2024)
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https://aclanthology.org/2024.findings-naacl.29.pdf
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