COPAL-ID: Indonesian Language Reasoning with Local Culture and Nuances

Haryo Wibowo, Erland Fuadi, Made Nityasya, Radityo Eko Prasojo, Alham Aji


Abstract
We present COPAL-ID, a novel, public Indonesian language common sense reasoning dataset. Unlike the previous Indonesian COPA dataset (XCOPA-ID), COPAL-ID incorporates Indonesian local and cultural nuances, and therefore, provides a more natural portrayal of day-to-day causal reasoning within the Indonesian cultural sphere. Professionally written by natives from scratch, COPAL-ID is more fluent and free from awkward phrases, unlike the translated XCOPA-ID. In addition, we present COPALID in both standard Indonesian and in Jakartan Indonesian–a dialect commonly used in daily conversation. COPAL-ID poses a greater challenge for existing open-sourced and closedstate-of-the-art multilingual language models, yet is trivially easy for humans. Our findings suggest that general multilingual models struggle to perform well, achieving 66.91% accuracy on COPAL-ID. South-East Asian-specific models achieve slightly better performance of 73.88% accuracy. Yet, this number still falls short of near-perfect human performance. This shows that these language models are still way behind in comprehending the local nuances of Indonesian.
Anthology ID:
2024.naacl-long.77
Volume:
Proceedings of the 2024 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
June
Year:
2024
Address:
Mexico City, Mexico
Editors:
Kevin Duh, Helena Gomez, Steven Bethard
Venue:
NAACL
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
1404–1422
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.naacl-long.77
DOI:
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Cite (ACL):
Haryo Wibowo, Erland Fuadi, Made Nityasya, Radityo Eko Prasojo, and Alham Aji. 2024. COPAL-ID: Indonesian Language Reasoning with Local Culture and Nuances. In Proceedings of the 2024 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 1404–1422, Mexico City, Mexico. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
COPAL-ID: Indonesian Language Reasoning with Local Culture and Nuances (Wibowo et al., NAACL 2024)
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https://aclanthology.org/2024.naacl-long.77.pdf
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