Soft Measures for Extracting Causal Collective Intelligence

Maryam Berijanian, Spencer Dork, Kuldeep Singh, Michael Riley Millikan, Ashlin Riggs, Aadarsh Swaminathan, Sarah L. Gibbs, Scott E. Friedman, Nathan Brugnone


Abstract
Understanding and modeling collective intelligence is essential for addressing complex social systems. Directed graphs called fuzzy cognitive maps (FCMs) offer a powerful tool for encoding causal mental models, but extracting high-integrity FCMs from text is challenging. This study presents an approach using large language models (LLMs) to automate FCM extraction. We introduce novel graph-based similarity measures and evaluate them by correlating their outputs with human judgments through the Elo rating system. Results show positive correlations with human evaluations, but even the best-performing measure exhibits limitations in capturing FCM nuances. Fine-tuning LLMs improves performance, but existing measures still fall short. This study highlights the need for soft similarity measures tailored to FCM extraction, advancing collective intelligence modeling with NLP.
Anthology ID:
2024.nlp4science-1.9
Volume:
Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on NLP for Science (NLP4Science)
Month:
November
Year:
2024
Address:
Miami, FL, USA
Editors:
Lotem Peled-Cohen, Nitay Calderon, Shir Lissak, Roi Reichart
Venue:
NLP4Science
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
99–116
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.nlp4science-1.9
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Maryam Berijanian, Spencer Dork, Kuldeep Singh, Michael Riley Millikan, Ashlin Riggs, Aadarsh Swaminathan, Sarah L. Gibbs, Scott E. Friedman, and Nathan Brugnone. 2024. Soft Measures for Extracting Causal Collective Intelligence. In Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on NLP for Science (NLP4Science), pages 99–116, Miami, FL, USA. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Soft Measures for Extracting Causal Collective Intelligence (Berijanian et al., NLP4Science 2024)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2024.nlp4science-1.9.pdf