Robustness Evaluation of the German Extractive Question Answering Task

Shalaka Satheesh, Katharina Beckh, Katrin Klug, Héctor Allende-Cid, Sebastian Houben, Teena Hassan


Abstract
To ensure reliable performance of Question Answering (QA) systems, evaluation of robustness is crucial. Common evaluation benchmarks commonly only include performance metrics, such as Exact Match (EM) and the F1 score. However, these benchmarks overlook critical factors for the deployment of QA systems. This oversight can result in systems vulnerable to minor perturbations in the input such as typographical errors. While several methods have been proposed to test the robustness of QA models, there has been minimal exploration of these approaches for languages other than English. This study focuses on the robustness evaluation of German language QA models, extending methodologies previously applied primarily to English. The objective is to nurture the development of robust models by defining an evaluation method specifically tailored to the German language. We assess the applicability of perturbations used in English QA models for German and perform a comprehensive experimental evaluation with eight models. The results show that all models are vulnerable to character-level perturbations. Additionally, the comparison of monolingual and multilingual models suggest that the former are less affected by character and word-level perturbations.
Anthology ID:
2025.coling-main.121
Volume:
Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics
Month:
January
Year:
2025
Address:
Abu Dhabi, UAE
Editors:
Owen Rambow, Leo Wanner, Marianna Apidianaki, Hend Al-Khalifa, Barbara Di Eugenio, Steven Schockaert
Venue:
COLING
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
1785–1801
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2025.coling-main.121/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Shalaka Satheesh, Katharina Beckh, Katrin Klug, Héctor Allende-Cid, Sebastian Houben, and Teena Hassan. 2025. Robustness Evaluation of the German Extractive Question Answering Task. In Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, pages 1785–1801, Abu Dhabi, UAE. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Robustness Evaluation of the German Extractive Question Answering Task (Satheesh et al., COLING 2025)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2025.coling-main.121.pdf