Piecing It All Together: Verifying Multi-Hop Multimodal Claims

Haoran Wang, Aman Rangapur, Xiongxiao Xu, Yueqing Liang, Haroon Gharwi, Carl Yang, Kai Shu


Abstract
Existing claim verification datasets often do not require systems to perform complex reasoning or effectively interpret multimodal evidence. To address this, we introduce a new task: multi-hop multimodal claim verification. This task challenges models to reason over multiple pieces of evidence from diverse sources, including text, images, and tables, and determine whether the combined multimodal evidence supports or refutes a given claim. To study this task, we construct MMCV, a large-scale dataset comprising 15k multi-hop claims paired with multimodal evidence, generated and refined using large language models, with additional input from human feedback. We show that MMCV is challenging even for the latest state-of-the-art multimodal large language models, especially as the number of reasoning hops increases. Additionally, we establish a human performance benchmark on a subset of MMCV. We hope this dataset and its evaluation task will encourage future research in multimodal multi-hop claim verification.
Anthology ID:
2025.coling-main.498
Volume:
Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics
Month:
January
Year:
2025
Address:
Abu Dhabi, UAE
Editors:
Owen Rambow, Leo Wanner, Marianna Apidianaki, Hend Al-Khalifa, Barbara Di Eugenio, Steven Schockaert
Venue:
COLING
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
7453–7469
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2025.coling-main.498/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Haoran Wang, Aman Rangapur, Xiongxiao Xu, Yueqing Liang, Haroon Gharwi, Carl Yang, and Kai Shu. 2025. Piecing It All Together: Verifying Multi-Hop Multimodal Claims. In Proceedings of the 31st International Conference on Computational Linguistics, pages 7453–7469, Abu Dhabi, UAE. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Piecing It All Together: Verifying Multi-Hop Multimodal Claims (Wang et al., COLING 2025)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2025.coling-main.498.pdf