Chain of Ideas: Revolutionizing Research Via Novel Idea Development with LLM Agents

Long Li, Weiwen Xu, Jiayan Guo, Ruochen Zhao, Xingxuan Li, Yuqian Yuan, Boqiang Zhang, Yuming Jiang, Yifei Xin, Ronghao Dang, Yu Rong, Deli Zhao, Tian Feng, Lidong Bing


Abstract
Research ideation is crucial for scientific progress, but the exponential increase in scientific literature makes it challenging to stay updated and identify impactful directions. Recent developments in large language models(LLMs) offer a promising avenue to automate this process. However, existing methods for idea generation either trivially prompt LLMs or expose LLMs to extensive literature without indicating useful information. Inspired by human research processes, we propose a Chain-of-Ideas (CoI) agent, an LLM-based agent that organizes relevant literature in a chain structure to effectively mirror the progressive development in a research domain. This organization helps LLMs better grasp current advancements, thereby improving ideation capabilities. Further, we present Idea Arena, a protocol for evaluating idea-generation methods from different perspectives, which aligns closely with the preferences of human researchers. Experiments show that CoI agent consistently outperforms existing methods and matches human quality in idea generation. Moreover, CoI agent is budget-friendly, requiring only $0.50 to generate a candidate idea and its experimental design.
Anthology ID:
2025.findings-emnlp.477
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2025
Month:
November
Year:
2025
Address:
Suzhou, China
Editors:
Christos Christodoulopoulos, Tanmoy Chakraborty, Carolyn Rose, Violet Peng
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
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Pages:
8971–9004
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URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-emnlp.477/
DOI:
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Cite (ACL):
Long Li, Weiwen Xu, Jiayan Guo, Ruochen Zhao, Xingxuan Li, Yuqian Yuan, Boqiang Zhang, Yuming Jiang, Yifei Xin, Ronghao Dang, Yu Rong, Deli Zhao, Tian Feng, and Lidong Bing. 2025. Chain of Ideas: Revolutionizing Research Via Novel Idea Development with LLM Agents. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2025, pages 8971–9004, Suzhou, China. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Chain of Ideas: Revolutionizing Research Via Novel Idea Development with LLM Agents (Li et al., Findings 2025)
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https://aclanthology.org/2025.findings-emnlp.477.pdf
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