Context-Aware Monolingual Evaluation of Machine Translation

Silvio Picinini; Sheila Castilho

Context-Aware Monolingual Evaluation of Machine Translation

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Abstract

This paper explores the potential of context-aware monolingual evaluation for assessing machine translation (MT) when no source is given for reference. To this end, we compare monolingual with bilingual evaluations (with source text), under two scenarios: the evaluation of a single MT system, and the comparative evaluation of pairwise MT systems. Four professional translators performed both monolingual and bilingual evaluations by assigning ratings and annotating errors, and providing feedback on their experience. Our findings suggest that context-aware monolingual evaluation achieves comparable outcomes to bilingual evaluations, and highlight the feasibility and potential of monolingual evaluation as an efficient approach to assessing MT.

Anthology ID:: 2025.mtsummit-1.11
Volume:: Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit XX: Volume 1
Month:: June
Year:: 2025
Address:: Geneva, Switzerland
Editors:: Pierrette Bouillon, Johanna Gerlach, Sabrina Girletti, Lise Volkart, Raphael Rubino, Rico Sennrich, Ana C. Farinha, Marco Gaido, Joke Daems, Dorothy Kenny, Helena Moniz, Sara Szoc
Venue:: MTSummit
SIG:
Publisher:: European Association for Machine Translation
Note:
Pages:: 138–149
Language:
URL:: https://aclanthology.org/2025.mtsummit-1.11/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):: Silvio Picinini and Sheila Castilho. 2025. Context-Aware Monolingual Evaluation of Machine Translation. In Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit XX: Volume 1, pages 138–149, Geneva, Switzerland. European Association for Machine Translation.
Cite (Informal):: Context-Aware Monolingual Evaluation of Machine Translation (Picinini & Castilho, MTSummit 2025)
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PDF:: https://aclanthology.org/2025.mtsummit-1.11.pdf

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@inproceedings{picinini-castilho-2025-context,
    title = "Context-Aware Monolingual Evaluation of Machine Translation",
    author = "Picinini, Silvio  and
      Castilho, Sheila",
    editor = "Bouillon, Pierrette  and
      Gerlach, Johanna  and
      Girletti, Sabrina  and
      Volkart, Lise  and
      Rubino, Raphael  and
      Sennrich, Rico  and
      Farinha, Ana C.  and
      Gaido, Marco  and
      Daems, Joke  and
      Kenny, Dorothy  and
      Moniz, Helena  and
      Szoc, Sara",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit XX: Volume 1",
    month = jun,
    year = "2025",
    address = "Geneva, Switzerland",
    publisher = "European Association for Machine Translation",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2025.mtsummit-1.11/",
    pages = "138--149",
    ISBN = "978-2-9701897-0-1",
    abstract = "This paper explores the potential of context-aware monolingual evaluation for assessing machine translation (MT) when no source is given for reference. To this end, we compare monolingual with bilingual evaluations (with source text), under two scenarios: the evaluation of a single MT system, and the comparative evaluation of pairwise MT systems. Four professional translators performed both monolingual and bilingual evaluations by assigning ratings and annotating errors, and providing feedback on their experience. Our findings suggest that context-aware monolingual evaluation achieves comparable outcomes to bilingual evaluations, and highlight the feasibility and potential of monolingual evaluation as an efficient approach to assessing MT."
}

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%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Context-Aware Monolingual Evaluation of Machine Translation
%A Picinini, Silvio
%A Castilho, Sheila
%Y Bouillon, Pierrette
%Y Gerlach, Johanna
%Y Girletti, Sabrina
%Y Volkart, Lise
%Y Rubino, Raphael
%Y Sennrich, Rico
%Y Farinha, Ana C.
%Y Gaido, Marco
%Y Daems, Joke
%Y Kenny, Dorothy
%Y Moniz, Helena
%Y Szoc, Sara
%S Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit XX: Volume 1
%D 2025
%8 June
%I European Association for Machine Translation
%C Geneva, Switzerland
%@ 978-2-9701897-0-1
%F picinini-castilho-2025-context
%X This paper explores the potential of context-aware monolingual evaluation for assessing machine translation (MT) when no source is given for reference. To this end, we compare monolingual with bilingual evaluations (with source text), under two scenarios: the evaluation of a single MT system, and the comparative evaluation of pairwise MT systems. Four professional translators performed both monolingual and bilingual evaluations by assigning ratings and annotating errors, and providing feedback on their experience. Our findings suggest that context-aware monolingual evaluation achieves comparable outcomes to bilingual evaluations, and highlight the feasibility and potential of monolingual evaluation as an efficient approach to assessing MT.
%U https://aclanthology.org/2025.mtsummit-1.11/
%P 138-149

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Markdown (Informal)

[Context-Aware Monolingual Evaluation of Machine Translation](https://aclanthology.org/2025.mtsummit-1.11/) (Picinini & Castilho, MTSummit 2025)

Context-Aware Monolingual Evaluation of Machine Translation (Picinini & Castilho, MTSummit 2025)

ACL

Silvio Picinini and Sheila Castilho. 2025. Context-Aware Monolingual Evaluation of Machine Translation. In Proceedings of Machine Translation Summit XX: Volume 1, pages 138–149, Geneva, Switzerland. European Association for Machine Translation.