When Does Language Transfer Help? Sequential Fine-Tuning for Cross-Lingual Euphemism Detection

Julia Sammartino, Libby Barak, Jing Peng, Anna Feldman


Abstract
Euphemisms are culturally variable and often ambiguous, posing challenges for language models, especially in low-resource settings. This paper investigates how cross-lingual transfer via sequential fine-tuning affects euphemism detection across five languages: English, Spanish, Chinese, Turkish, and Yorùbá. We compare sequential fine-tuning with monolingual and simultaneous fine-tuning using XLM-R and mBERT, analyzing how performance is shaped by language pairings, typological features, and pretraining coverage. Results show that sequential fine-tuning with a high-resource L1 improves L2 performance, especially for low-resource languages like Yorùbá and Turkish. XLM-R achieves larger gains but is more sensitive to pretraining gaps and catastrophic forgetting, while mBERT yields more stable, though lower, results. These findings highlight sequential fine-tuning as a simple yet effective strategy for improving euphemism detection in multilingual models, particularly when low-resource languages are involved.
Anthology ID:
2025.ranlp-1.122
Volume:
Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing - Natural Language Processing in the Generative AI Era
Month:
September
Year:
2025
Address:
Varna, Bulgaria
Editors:
Galia Angelova, Maria Kunilovskaya, Marie Escribe, Ruslan Mitkov
Venue:
RANLP
SIG:
Publisher:
INCOMA Ltd., Shoumen, Bulgaria
Note:
Pages:
1058–1065
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2025.ranlp-1.122/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Julia Sammartino, Libby Barak, Jing Peng, and Anna Feldman. 2025. When Does Language Transfer Help? Sequential Fine-Tuning for Cross-Lingual Euphemism Detection. In Proceedings of the 15th International Conference on Recent Advances in Natural Language Processing - Natural Language Processing in the Generative AI Era, pages 1058–1065, Varna, Bulgaria. INCOMA Ltd., Shoumen, Bulgaria.
Cite (Informal):
When Does Language Transfer Help? Sequential Fine-Tuning for Cross-Lingual Euphemism Detection (Sammartino et al., RANLP 2025)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2025.ranlp-1.122.pdf