Beyond Isolated Dots: Benchmarking Structured Table Construction as Deep Knowledge Extraction

Tianyun Zhong, Guozhao Mo, Yanjiang Liu, Yihan Chen, Lingdi Kong, Xuanang Chen, Yaojie Lu, Hongyu Lin, Shiwei ye, Shanshan Jiang, Bin Dong, Le Sun, Ben He, Xianpei Han


Abstract
With the emergence of large language models (LLMs), there is an expectation that they can effectively extract structured information from complex, real-world documents. However, most LLMs generate paragraph-style answers that are chaotic, disorganized, and untraceable. To bridge this gap, we introduce the Arranged and Organized Extraction Benchmark (AOE), a new bilingual benchmark featuring long-form documents (171k tokens on average) designed to systematically evaluate the ability of LLMs to comprehend fragmented information and reconstruct it into an organized table. Unlike conventional text-to-table tasks, which rely on fixed schema and narrow domains, AOE includes 12 carefully designed tasks across four diverse domains, requiring models to generate context-specific schema tailored to varied input queries. In our experiments, we evaluated 12 open-source and proprietary LLMs. Even the most advanced models struggle significantly.
Anthology ID:
2026.aacl-long.160
Volume:
Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and the 5th Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
November
Year:
2026
Address:
Hengqin, China
Editors:
Yue Zhang, Ruifeng Xu, Ayu Purwarianti, Tong Rong, Jun Suzuki
Venues:
AACL | IJCNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
3545–3574
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.aacl-long.160/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Tianyun Zhong, Guozhao Mo, Yanjiang Liu, Yihan Chen, Lingdi Kong, Xuanang Chen, Yaojie Lu, Hongyu Lin, Shiwei ye, Shanshan Jiang, Bin Dong, Le Sun, Ben He, and Xianpei Han. 2026. Beyond Isolated Dots: Benchmarking Structured Table Construction as Deep Knowledge Extraction. In Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and the 5th Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 3545–3574, Hengqin, China. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Beyond Isolated Dots: Benchmarking Structured Table Construction as Deep Knowledge Extraction (Zhong et al., AACL-IJCNLP 2026)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.aacl-long.160.pdf