From Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to Agentic Deep Research

Xin Luna Dong, Sanat Sharma, Kai Sun, Jiaqi Wang, Yinglong Xia, Xiao Yang, Scott Wen-tau Yih, Nan Tang, Franklin Zhang


Abstract
Despite well-known hallucination issues, LLMs have become an increasingly indispensable source of information, and the underlying technology has advanced rapidly to make their answers far more reliable. Early on, Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) emerged as the dominant remedy, grounding LLM responses in external knowledge and evolving from simple retrieve-then-read pipelines into modular, graph-enhanced, and agentic systems. More recently, Agentic Deep Research has pushed the frontier further, equipping LLMs with autonomous planning, multi-hop investigation, and iterative synthesis to tackle open-ended questions that no single retrieval pass can answer. This tutorial offers an in-depth treatment of modern RAG and Deep Research, grounded in an AI-assisted systematic analysis of 2,000+ recent papers (2020–2026). Attendees will leave with a structured roadmap, evidence-backed practical recommendations, and a clear map of open research opportunities.
Anthology ID:
2026.aacl-tutorials.5
Volume:
Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and the 5th Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Tutorial Abstracts
Month:
November
Year:
2026
Address:
Hengqin, China
Editors:
Naoaki Okazaki, Zhongqing Wang
Venues:
AACL | IJCNLP
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
32–43
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.aacl-tutorials.5/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Xin Luna Dong, Sanat Sharma, Kai Sun, Jiaqi Wang, Yinglong Xia, Xiao Yang, Scott Wen-tau Yih, Nan Tang, and Franklin Zhang. 2026. From Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to Agentic Deep Research. In Proceedings of the 15th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing and the 5th Conference of the Asia-Pacific Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Tutorial Abstracts, pages 32–43, Hengqin, China. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
From Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) to Agentic Deep Research (Dong et al., AACL-IJCNLP 2026)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.aacl-tutorials.5.pdf
Presentation:
 https://papers.lunadong.com/tutorial