LENS: LLM-Enabled Narrative Synthesis for Mental Health by Aligning Multimodal Sensing with Language Models

Wenxuan Xu, Arvind Pillai, Subigya Nepal, Amanda C. Collins, Daniel M Mackin, Michael V. Heinz, Tess Z Griffin, Nicholas C. Jacobson, Andrew Campbell


Abstract
Multimodal health sensing offers rich behavioral signals for assessing mental health, yet translating these numerical time-series measurements into natural language remains challenging. Current LLMs cannot natively ingest long-duration sensor streams, and paired sensor–text datasets are scarce. To address these challenges, we introduce LENS, a framework that aligns multimodal sensing data with language models to generate clinically grounded mental-health narratives. LENS first constructs a large-scale dataset by transforming Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA) responses related to depression and anxiety symptoms into natural-language descriptions, yielding over 100,000 sensor–text QA pairs from 258 participants. To enable native time-series integration, we train a patch-level encoder that projects raw sensor signals directly into an LLM’s representation space. Our results show that LENS outperforms strong baselines on standard NLP metrics and task-specific measures of symptom-severity accuracy. A user study with 13 mental-health professionals further indicates that LENS-produced narratives are comprehensive and clinically meaningful. Ultimately, our approach advances LLMs as interfaces for health sensing, providing a scalable path toward models that can reason over raw behavioral signals and support downstream clinical decision-making.
Anthology ID:
2026.acl-long.793
Volume:
Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers)
Month:
July
Year:
2026
Address:
San Diego, California, United States
Editors:
Maria Liakata, Viviane P. Moreira, Jiajun Zhang, David Jurgens
Venue:
ACL
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Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
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Pages:
17458–17481
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URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.acl-long.793/
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Cite (ACL):
Wenxuan Xu, Arvind Pillai, Subigya Nepal, Amanda C. Collins, Daniel M Mackin, Michael V. Heinz, Tess Z Griffin, Nicholas C. Jacobson, and Andrew Campbell. 2026. LENS: LLM-Enabled Narrative Synthesis for Mental Health by Aligning Multimodal Sensing with Language Models. In Proceedings of the 64th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (Volume 1: Long Papers), pages 17458–17481, San Diego, California, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
LENS: LLM-Enabled Narrative Synthesis for Mental Health by Aligning Multimodal Sensing with Language Models (Xu et al., ACL 2026)
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https://aclanthology.org/2026.acl-long.793.pdf
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