To Flag or Not to Flag? Detecting Concerning Content in Situational Judgment

Susha Suresh; Cole Walsh; Rodica Ivan; Colleen Robb

To Flag or Not to Flag? Detecting Concerning Content in Situational Judgment

Susha Suresh, Cole Walsh, Rodica Ivan, Colleen Robb

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Abstract

This study evaluates automated approaches for detecting concerning content in open-response SJTs used in higher education admissions. Comparing fine-tuned BERT models with zero-shot and fine-tuned LLMs, we found that fine-tuned BERT achieved the strongest performance despite not receiving the scenario context available to the LLMs

Anthology ID:: 2026.aimecon-main.50
Volume:: Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Measurement and Education Conference (AIME-Con): Full Papers
Month:: October
Year:: 2026
Address:: Wyndham Grand Pittsburgh Downtown, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
Editors:: Joshua Wilson, Christopher Ormerod, Magdalen Beiting-Parrish
Venue:: AIME-Con
SIG:
Publisher:: National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME)
Note:
Pages:: 450–457
Language:
URL:: https://aclanthology.org/2026.aimecon-main.50/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):: Susha Suresh, Cole Walsh, Rodica Ivan, and Colleen Robb. 2026. To Flag or Not to Flag? Detecting Concerning Content in Situational Judgment. In Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Measurement and Education Conference (AIME-Con): Full Papers, pages 450–457, Wyndham Grand Pittsburgh Downtown, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME).
Cite (Informal):: To Flag or Not to Flag? Detecting Concerning Content in Situational Judgment (Suresh et al., AIME-Con 2026)
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PDF:: https://aclanthology.org/2026.aimecon-main.50.pdf

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Preformatted

@inproceedings{suresh-etal-2026-flag,
    title = "To Flag or Not to Flag? Detecting Concerning Content in Situational Judgment",
    author = "Suresh, Susha  and
      Walsh, Cole  and
      Ivan, Rodica  and
      Robb, Colleen",
    editor = "Wilson, Joshua  and
      Ormerod, Christopher  and
      Beiting-Parrish, Magdalen",
    booktitle = "Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Measurement and Education Conference ({AIME}-Con): Full Papers",
    month = oct,
    year = "2026",
    address = "Wyndham Grand Pittsburgh Downtown, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States",
    publisher = "National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME)",
    url = "https://aclanthology.org/2026.aimecon-main.50/",
    pages = "450--457",
    ISBN = "979-8-9983004-0-0",
    abstract = "This study evaluates automated approaches for detecting concerning content in open-response SJTs used in higher education admissions. Comparing fine-tuned BERT models with zero-shot and fine-tuned LLMs, we found that fine-tuned BERT achieved the strongest performance despite not receiving the scenario context available to the LLMs"
}

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%0 Conference Proceedings
%T To Flag or Not to Flag? Detecting Concerning Content in Situational Judgment
%A Suresh, Susha
%A Walsh, Cole
%A Ivan, Rodica
%A Robb, Colleen
%Y Wilson, Joshua
%Y Ormerod, Christopher
%Y Beiting-Parrish, Magdalen
%S Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Measurement and Education Conference (AIME-Con): Full Papers
%D 2026
%8 October
%I National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME)
%C Wyndham Grand Pittsburgh Downtown, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
%@ 979-8-9983004-0-0
%F suresh-etal-2026-flag
%X This study evaluates automated approaches for detecting concerning content in open-response SJTs used in higher education admissions. Comparing fine-tuned BERT models with zero-shot and fine-tuned LLMs, we found that fine-tuned BERT achieved the strongest performance despite not receiving the scenario context available to the LLMs
%U https://aclanthology.org/2026.aimecon-main.50/
%P 450-457

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Markdown (Informal)

[To Flag or Not to Flag? Detecting Concerning Content in Situational Judgment](https://aclanthology.org/2026.aimecon-main.50/) (Suresh et al., AIME-Con 2026)

To Flag or Not to Flag? Detecting Concerning Content in Situational Judgment (Suresh et al., AIME-Con 2026)

ACL

Susha Suresh, Cole Walsh, Rodica Ivan, and Colleen Robb. 2026. To Flag or Not to Flag? Detecting Concerning Content in Situational Judgment. In Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Measurement and Education Conference (AIME-Con): Full Papers, pages 450–457, Wyndham Grand Pittsburgh Downtown, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME).