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        <title>Beyond “Three-in-a-Row”: Toward Fairer Adaptive Mastery Decisions in AI-Supported Formative Assessment</title>
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    <abstract>We compare the traditional three-correct-in-a-row mastery rule with an adaptive, measurement-informed mastery model using ASSISTments Skill Builder data. The adaptive model produced more consistent decisions overall, especially early in learning, while rule-based mastery varied across skills, templates, and hint use, suggesting a need for context-sensitive formative decision frameworks.</abstract>
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%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Beyond “Three-in-a-Row”: Toward Fairer Adaptive Mastery Decisions in AI-Supported Formative Assessment
%A Niu, Chunling
%A Bradley, Kelly D.
%A Waltman, Brian F.
%A Ma, Biao
%Y Wilson, Joshua
%Y Ormerod, Christopher
%Y Beiting-Parrish, Magdalen
%S Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Measurement and Education Conference (AIME-Con): Full Papers
%D 2026
%8 October
%I National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME)
%C Wyndham Grand Pittsburgh Downtown, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States
%@ 979-8-9983004-0-0
%F niu-etal-2026-beyond-three
%X We compare the traditional three-correct-in-a-row mastery rule with an adaptive, measurement-informed mastery model using ASSISTments Skill Builder data. The adaptive model produced more consistent decisions overall, especially early in learning, while rule-based mastery varied across skills, templates, and hint use, suggesting a need for context-sensitive formative decision frameworks.
%U https://aclanthology.org/2026.aimecon-main.76/
%P 673-680

Markdown (Informal)

[Beyond “Three-in-a-Row”: Toward Fairer Adaptive Mastery Decisions in AI-Supported Formative Assessment](https://aclanthology.org/2026.aimecon-main.76/) (Niu et al., AIME-Con 2026)

• Beyond “Three-in-a-Row”: Toward Fairer Adaptive Mastery Decisions in AI-Supported Formative Assessment (Niu et al., AIME-Con 2026)

ACL

• Chunling Niu, Kelly D Bradley, Brian F Waltman, and Biao Ma. 2026. Beyond “Three-in-a-Row”: Toward Fairer Adaptive Mastery Decisions in AI-Supported Formative Assessment. In Proceedings of the Artificial Intelligence in Measurement and Education Conference (AIME-Con): Full Papers, pages 673–680, Wyndham Grand Pittsburgh Downtown, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. National Council on Measurement in Education (NCME).