Do Large Language Models appeal to the Senses? Narrative Embodiment in Stories told by Llama and Qwen

Stefan Arnold, Rene Gröbner


Abstract
Language Models (LMs) produce highly fluent narratives, yet cognitive probing suggests their semantic representations lack grounding in sensorimotor experiences. By projecting model-generated texts into a multidimensional sensorimotor vector space, we quantify narrative embodiment in storytelling. Specifically, we evaluate the impact of parameter scaling and conditional multimodality on perceptual grounding. We find that (1) model capacity monotonically widens the divergence from the human level of embodiment, demonstrating that scale alone cannot resolve narrative disembodiment, and (2) audio-language models demonstrate a distinct superiority over vision-language models, an effect we contextualize through the auditory scaffolding hypothesis. Ultimately, we demonstrate that authentic sensorimotor grounding is not an emergent property of autoregressive decoding or conditional encoding, highlighting a critical limitation in current generative architectures.
Anthology ID:
2026.blackboxnlp-1.22
Volume:
Proceedings of the 9th BlackboxNLP Workshop: Analyzing and Interpreting Neural Networks for NLP
Month:
October
Year:
2026
Address:
Budapest, Hungary
Editors:
Dana Arad, Yonatan Belinkov, Hanjie Chen, Nils Feldhus, Aaron Mueller, Hosein Mohebbi, Gabriele Sarti, Martin Tutek
Venues:
BlackboxNLP | WS
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
368–373
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.blackboxnlp-1.22/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Stefan Arnold and Rene Gröbner. 2026. Do Large Language Models appeal to the Senses? Narrative Embodiment in Stories told by Llama and Qwen. In Proceedings of the 9th BlackboxNLP Workshop: Analyzing and Interpreting Neural Networks for NLP, pages 368–373, Budapest, Hungary. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Do Large Language Models appeal to the Senses? Narrative Embodiment in Stories told by Llama and Qwen (Arnold & Gröbner, BlackboxNLP 2026)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.blackboxnlp-1.22.pdf