Alignment Quality Degradation Across the Parallel–Comparable Spectrum: A Comparative Analysis

Audrey Mash, Jonathan Ayebakuro Orama, Marc Juvillà Garcia, Maite Melero


Abstract
Sentence-level alignment systems have been developed and evaluated primarily on parallel data, leaving their behaviour across the broader parallel-comparable spectrum of real web content poorly understood. We present a stratified empirical study of alignment quality for Catalan-English using 300 document pairs across three parallelism bands defined by mean-max LaBSE cosine similarity. We compare four systems: a hierarchical alignment pipeline (DocAlign), an ablation with paragraph pre-filtering disabled (DocAlign-NoFilter), the flat aligner Vecalign, and a flat LaBSE greedy baseline. Evaluation uses human-annotated sentence pairs and coverage-weighted quality. Quality degrades at different rates by system type: hierarchical systems maintain usable-pair rates ranging from 25% to 51% on comparable data while flat systems collapse to 2-7%. Paragraph pre-filtering reduces output volume on comparable data while raising pair quality relative to the unfiltered ablation. Vecalign is statistically indistinguishable from the greedy baseline at all parallelism levels, suggesting that LaBSE embedding discrimination is the binding constraint on flat alignment quality. Failure mode analysis of 550 low-rated pairs identifies topical mismatch as the dominant failure mode, with structural noise concentrated in flat systems.
Anthology ID:
2026.eamt-1.11
Volume:
Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation (Volume 1)
Month:
June
Year:
2026
Address:
Tilburg, The Netherlands
Editors:
Dimitar Shterionov, Eva Vanmassenhove, Mirella De Sisto, Fred Blain, Javad Pourmostafa Roshan Sharami, Lisa Lepp, Chiara Manna, Argentina Anna Rescigno, Alina Karakanta, Ayla Rigouts Terryn, Manuel Lardelli, Natalia Resende, Elena Murgolo, Janiça Hackenbuchner, Anna Zaretskaya, Miquel Esplà-Gomis, Thierry Etchegoyhen, Dagmar Gromann, Rachel Bawden, Barry Haddow, Sara Szoc, Mikel Forcada, Helena Moniz
Venue:
EAMT
SIG:
Publisher:
European Association for Machine Translation
Note:
Pages:
130–142
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.eamt-1.11/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Audrey Mash, Jonathan Ayebakuro Orama, Marc Juvillà Garcia, and Maite Melero. 2026. Alignment Quality Degradation Across the Parallel–Comparable Spectrum: A Comparative Analysis. In Proceedings of the 26th Annual Conference of the European Association for Machine Translation (Volume 1), pages 130–142, Tilburg, The Netherlands. European Association for Machine Translation.
Cite (Informal):
Alignment Quality Degradation Across the Parallel–Comparable Spectrum: A Comparative Analysis (Mash et al., EAMT 2026)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.eamt-1.11.pdf