<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<modsCollection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods ID="liu-best-2026-behind">
    <titleInfo>
        <title>Behind-the-Scenes Challenges in Sino-Tibetan Low-Resource Language Technology Development</title>
    </titleInfo>
    <name type="personal">
        <namePart type="given">Shuheng</namePart>
        <namePart type="family">Liu</namePart>
        <role>
            <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
        </role>
    </name>
    <name type="personal">
        <namePart type="given">Michael</namePart>
        <namePart type="given">L</namePart>
        <namePart type="family">Best</namePart>
        <role>
            <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
        </role>
    </name>
    <originInfo>
        <dateIssued>2026-10</dateIssued>
    </originInfo>
    <typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
    <relatedItem type="host">
        <titleInfo>
            <title>Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing</title>
        </titleInfo>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Hung-Yi</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Lee</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Sunipa</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Dev</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Jessy</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Li</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Desmond</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Elliott</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <originInfo>
            <publisher>Association for Computational Linguistics</publisher>
            <place>
                <placeTerm type="text">Budapest, Hungary</placeTerm>
            </place>
        </originInfo>
        <genre authority="marcgt">conference publication</genre>
        <identifier type="isbn">979-8-89176-459-0</identifier>
    </relatedItem>
    <abstract>Despite persistent efforts to develop low-resource language technologies (LRLTs), little attention has been paid to LRLT practitioners’ experiences, challenges, and opportunities. We employ a qualitative approach and conduct 15 semi-structured interviews with LRLT practitioners working on three Sino-Tibetan low-resource languages. Through our analysis, we identify not only technical challenges such as a lack of textual data and reliable language processing tools, but also linguistic, social, and financial challenges that cause and exacerbate them. Fortunately, we also find that participants are generally optimistic about LRLT development and mitigate these challenges by fostering and seeking support from diverse sources and leveraging large language models. We discuss the complex nature of the challenges in relation to prior literature and provide recommendations for practitioners, governments, and the broader NLP community.</abstract>
    <identifier type="citekey">liu-best-2026-behind</identifier>
    <location>
        <url>https://aclanthology.org/2026.emnlp-main.832/</url>
    </location>
    <part>
        <date>2026-10</date>
        <extent unit="page">
            <start>19329</start>
            <end>19342</end>
        </extent>
    </part>
</mods>
</modsCollection>

%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Behind-the-Scenes Challenges in Sino-Tibetan Low-Resource Language Technology Development
%A Liu, Shuheng
%A Best, Michael L.
%Y Lee, Hung-Yi
%Y Dev, Sunipa
%Y Li, Jessy
%Y Elliott, Desmond
%S Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing
%D 2026
%8 October
%I Association for Computational Linguistics
%C Budapest, Hungary
%@ 979-8-89176-459-0
%F liu-best-2026-behind
%X Despite persistent efforts to develop low-resource language technologies (LRLTs), little attention has been paid to LRLT practitioners’ experiences, challenges, and opportunities. We employ a qualitative approach and conduct 15 semi-structured interviews with LRLT practitioners working on three Sino-Tibetan low-resource languages. Through our analysis, we identify not only technical challenges such as a lack of textual data and reliable language processing tools, but also linguistic, social, and financial challenges that cause and exacerbate them. Fortunately, we also find that participants are generally optimistic about LRLT development and mitigate these challenges by fostering and seeking support from diverse sources and leveraging large language models. We discuss the complex nature of the challenges in relation to prior literature and provide recommendations for practitioners, governments, and the broader NLP community.
%U https://aclanthology.org/2026.emnlp-main.832/
%P 19329-19342

Markdown (Informal)

[Behind-the-Scenes Challenges in Sino-Tibetan Low-Resource Language Technology Development](https://aclanthology.org/2026.emnlp-main.832/) (Liu & Best, EMNLP 2026)

• Behind-the-Scenes Challenges in Sino-Tibetan Low-Resource Language Technology Development (Liu & Best, EMNLP 2026)

ACL

• Shuheng Liu and Michael L. Best. 2026. Behind-the-Scenes Challenges in Sino-Tibetan Low-Resource Language Technology Development. In Proceedings of the 2026 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing, pages 19329–19342, Budapest, Hungary. Association for Computational Linguistics.