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    <abstract>Metaphors are powerful framing devices, yet their source domains alone do not fully explain the specific associations they evoke. We argue that the interplay between source domains and semantic frames determines how metaphors shape understanding of complex issues, and present a computational framework that allows to derive salient discourse metaphors through their source domains and semantic frames. Applying this framework to climate change news, we uncover not only well-known source domains but also reveal nuanced frame-level associations that distinguish how the issue is portrayed. In analyzing immigration discourse across political ideologies, we demonstrate that liberals and conservatives systematically employ different semantic frames within the same source domains, with conservatives favoring frames emphasizing uncontrollability and liberals choosing neutral or more “victimizing” semantic frames. Our work bridges conceptual metaphor theory and linguistics, providing the first NLP approach for discovery of discourse metaphors and fine-grained analysis of differences in metaphorical framing.</abstract>
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%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Not all ANIMALs are equal: metaphorical framing through source domains and semantic frames
%A Otmakhova, Yulia
%A Guida, Matteo
%A Frermann, Lea
%Y Liakata, Maria
%Y Moreira, Viviane P.
%Y Zhang, Jiajun
%Y Jurgens, David
%S Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026
%D 2026
%8 July
%I Association for Computational Linguistics
%C San Diego, California, United States
%@ 979-8-89176-395-1
%F otmakhova-etal-2026-animals
%X Metaphors are powerful framing devices, yet their source domains alone do not fully explain the specific associations they evoke. We argue that the interplay between source domains and semantic frames determines how metaphors shape understanding of complex issues, and present a computational framework that allows to derive salient discourse metaphors through their source domains and semantic frames. Applying this framework to climate change news, we uncover not only well-known source domains but also reveal nuanced frame-level associations that distinguish how the issue is portrayed. In analyzing immigration discourse across political ideologies, we demonstrate that liberals and conservatives systematically employ different semantic frames within the same source domains, with conservatives favoring frames emphasizing uncontrollability and liberals choosing neutral or more “victimizing” semantic frames. Our work bridges conceptual metaphor theory and linguistics, providing the first NLP approach for discovery of discourse metaphors and fine-grained analysis of differences in metaphorical framing.
%U https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-acl.1911/
%P 38334-38355

Markdown (Informal)

[Not all ANIMALs are equal: metaphorical framing through source domains and semantic frames](https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-acl.1911/) (Otmakhova et al., Findings 2026)

• Not all ANIMALs are equal: metaphorical framing through source domains and semantic frames (Otmakhova et al., Findings 2026)

ACL

• Yulia Otmakhova, Matteo Guida, and Lea Frermann. 2026. Not all ANIMALs are equal: metaphorical framing through source domains and semantic frames. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026, pages 38334–38355, San Diego, California, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics.