@inproceedings{guo-etal-2026-lost,
title = "Lost in Decomposition: Analyzing and Mitigating the Limitations of Long Context Methods via Context Dependency",
author = "Guo, Jiayuan and
Su, Yueyang and
Ge, Yuyao and
Guan, Saiping and
Yu, Lei and
Guo, Jiafeng and
Cheng, Xueqi",
editor = "Liakata, Maria and
Moreira, Viviane P. and
Zhang, Jiajun and
Jurgens, David",
booktitle = "Findings of the {A}ssociation for {C}omputational {L}inguistics: {ACL} 2026",
month = jul,
year = "2026",
address = "San Diego, California, United States",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-acl.2097/",
pages = "42267--42285",
ISBN = "979-8-89176-395-1",
abstract = "Long context large language models exhibit the ``lost in the middle'' problem, where models struggle to effectively utilize information located in the middle of long contexts. Although existing workflow-based long context methods (e.g., RAG) alleviate this problem and perform well on specific datasets, can their effectiveness generalize to all types of datasets? In this work, we systematically investigate the cross-dataset generalization of long context methods. Our evaluation reveals that these methods are not universally effective. Such substantial performance variability underscores the risks of performance degradation associated with the indiscriminate application of long context methods. We investigated the reason for the failure of long context methods. We found that the intrinsic decomposition mechanisms of long context methods hinder context dependency modeling, causing these methods to suffer performance declines on documents with strong context dependency. To address this issue, We propose CoDaR (**Co**ntext **D**ependency-**a**ware **R**outing), a training-free adaptive routing strategy. By analyzing the context dependency strength of documents, CoDaR adaptively invokes long context methods, thereby significantly enhancing their overall robustness across different types of datasets."
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<abstract>Long context large language models exhibit the “lost in the middle” problem, where models struggle to effectively utilize information located in the middle of long contexts. Although existing workflow-based long context methods (e.g., RAG) alleviate this problem and perform well on specific datasets, can their effectiveness generalize to all types of datasets? In this work, we systematically investigate the cross-dataset generalization of long context methods. Our evaluation reveals that these methods are not universally effective. Such substantial performance variability underscores the risks of performance degradation associated with the indiscriminate application of long context methods. We investigated the reason for the failure of long context methods. We found that the intrinsic decomposition mechanisms of long context methods hinder context dependency modeling, causing these methods to suffer performance declines on documents with strong context dependency. To address this issue, We propose CoDaR (**Co**ntext **D**ependency-**a**ware **R**outing), a training-free adaptive routing strategy. By analyzing the context dependency strength of documents, CoDaR adaptively invokes long context methods, thereby significantly enhancing their overall robustness across different types of datasets.</abstract>
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%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Lost in Decomposition: Analyzing and Mitigating the Limitations of Long Context Methods via Context Dependency
%A Guo, Jiayuan
%A Su, Yueyang
%A Ge, Yuyao
%A Guan, Saiping
%A Yu, Lei
%A Guo, Jiafeng
%A Cheng, Xueqi
%Y Liakata, Maria
%Y Moreira, Viviane P.
%Y Zhang, Jiajun
%Y Jurgens, David
%S Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026
%D 2026
%8 July
%I Association for Computational Linguistics
%C San Diego, California, United States
%@ 979-8-89176-395-1
%F guo-etal-2026-lost
%X Long context large language models exhibit the “lost in the middle” problem, where models struggle to effectively utilize information located in the middle of long contexts. Although existing workflow-based long context methods (e.g., RAG) alleviate this problem and perform well on specific datasets, can their effectiveness generalize to all types of datasets? In this work, we systematically investigate the cross-dataset generalization of long context methods. Our evaluation reveals that these methods are not universally effective. Such substantial performance variability underscores the risks of performance degradation associated with the indiscriminate application of long context methods. We investigated the reason for the failure of long context methods. We found that the intrinsic decomposition mechanisms of long context methods hinder context dependency modeling, causing these methods to suffer performance declines on documents with strong context dependency. To address this issue, We propose CoDaR (**Co**ntext **D**ependency-**a**ware **R**outing), a training-free adaptive routing strategy. By analyzing the context dependency strength of documents, CoDaR adaptively invokes long context methods, thereby significantly enhancing their overall robustness across different types of datasets.
%U https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-acl.2097/
%P 42267-42285
Markdown (Informal)
[Lost in Decomposition: Analyzing and Mitigating the Limitations of Long Context Methods via Context Dependency](https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-acl.2097/) (Guo et al., Findings 2026)
ACL
- Jiayuan Guo, Yueyang Su, Yuyao Ge, Saiping Guan, Lei Yu, Jiafeng Guo, and Xueqi Cheng. 2026. Lost in Decomposition: Analyzing and Mitigating the Limitations of Long Context Methods via Context Dependency. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: ACL 2026, pages 42267–42285, San Diego, California, United States. Association for Computational Linguistics.