Beyond Preference Learning: Response-Preference Disentangled Reinforcement Optimization for Robust Visual Quality Assessment

Zehui Feng, Weichuan Wang, Xiaohan Chen, Ting Han


Abstract
Visual Quality Assessment (QA) in multimodal large language models (MLLMs) jointly predicts absolute quality scores and relative perceptual rankings. Existing methods optimize score regression or ranking within a unified formulation, leading to unstable predictions and weak generalization under stochastic generation. We find this instability is amplified by response variability in MLLM reasoning, where stochastic decoding produces inconsistent score distributions and degrades cross-dataset robustness. This indicates QA depends not only on preference alignment, but also on response-level stability. We propose PreResQ-R1, a Response-Preference Disentangled Ranking-and-Scoring Reinforcement Optimization framework. It decouples response stabilization and preference learning, with a dual-branch reward modeling intra-sample consistency and inter-sample score-ranking alignment. For video QA, we introduce temporal-spatial evidence aggregation without dense motion modeling. PreResQ-R1 achieves state-of-the-art performance, outperforming comparable methods by 5.60% on IQA benchmarks and 2.53% on VQA benchmarks.
Anthology ID:
2026.findings-emnlp.379
Volume:
Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2026
Month:
October
Year:
2026
Address:
Budapest, Hungary
Editors:
Hung-Yi Lee, Sunipa Dev, Jessy Li, Desmond Elliott
Venue:
Findings
SIG:
SIGDAT
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
7998–8024
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-emnlp.379/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Zehui Feng, Weichuan Wang, Xiaohan Chen, and Ting Han. 2026. Beyond Preference Learning: Response-Preference Disentangled Reinforcement Optimization for Robust Visual Quality Assessment. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2026, pages 7998–8024, Budapest, Hungary. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Beyond Preference Learning: Response-Preference Disentangled Reinforcement Optimization for Robust Visual Quality Assessment (Feng et al., Findings 2026)
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https://aclanthology.org/2026.findings-emnlp.379.pdf