Emotion and Information Disorder in NLP: A Systematic Mapping and Benchmark Blueprint

Renatha Vieira, Alvaro Figueira


Abstract
Online misinformation research in NLP has expanded rapidly, including approaches that model affective signals such as sentiment, discrete emotions, and emotion dynamics. However, the Information Disorder framework distinguishes misinformation, disinformation, and malinformation along dimensions of intention, harm, and contextual dependence, which are rarely operationalised in current datasets, tasks, and evaluation protocols. We provide a systematic mapping of 82 studies at the intersection of Information Disorder and emotion-aware NLP (51 model papers, 7 dataset papers, 24 survey/theory papers). Across empirical works (58), veracity-centric supervision dominates (72.4% binary labels), while explicit intention and harm variables appear in only 1.7% each. Evaluation relies mostly on random splits (79.3%), limiting robustness to source and temporal shifts. Emotion is represented in 43.1% of model papers, mostly as static features, with emotion dynamics and audience emotion rare. Based on these findings, we propose an operational taxonomy aligned with Information Disorder and a benchmark blueprint specifying tasks, annotation variables, split strategies, and evaluation protocols to support theory-grounded, comparable progress.
Anthology ID:
2026.indor-1.8
Volume:
Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Information Disorder (InDor) @ LREC 2026
Month:
May
Year:
2026
Address:
Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Editors:
Simona Frenda, Marco Antonio Stranisci, Shaina Ashraf, Ada Ren, Ioannis Konstas, Usman Naseem
Venues:
InDor | WS
SIG:
Publisher:
ELRA Language Resources Association (ELRA)
Note:
Pages:
77–84
Language:
External URL:
https://lrec.elra.info/lrec2026-ws-indor-08
DOI:
10.63317/3xyqihqhsxkj
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Renatha Vieira and Alvaro Figueira. 2026. Emotion and Information Disorder in NLP: A Systematic Mapping and Benchmark Blueprint. In Proceedings of the 1st Workshop on Information Disorder (InDor) @ LREC 2026, pages 77–84, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. ELRA Language Resources Association (ELRA).
Cite (Informal):
Emotion and Information Disorder in NLP: A Systematic Mapping and Benchmark Blueprint (Vieira & Figueira, InDor 2026)
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