Detecting Mental Manipulation in Speech via Synthetic Multi-Speaker Dialogue

Run Chen, Wen Liang, Ziwei Gong, Lin Ai, Julia Hirschberg


Abstract
Mental manipulation, the strategic use of language to covertly influence or exploit others, is a newly emerging task in computational social reasoning. Prior work has focused exclusively on textual conversations, overlooking how manipulative tactics manifest in speech. We present the first study of mental manipulation detection in spoken dialogues, introducing a synthetic multi-speaker benchmark SPEECHMENTALMANIP that augments a text-based dataset with high-quality, voice-consistent Text-to-Speech rendered audio. Using few-shot large audio-language models and human annotation, we evaluate how modality affects detection accuracy and perception. Our results reveal that models exhibit high specificity but markedly lower recall on speech compared to text, suggesting sensitivity to missing acoustic or prosodic cues in training. Human raters show similar uncertainty in the audio setting, underscoring the inherent ambiguity of manipulative speech. Together, these findings highlight the need for modality-aware evaluation and safety alignment in multimodal dialogue systems.
Anthology ID:
2026.iwsds-1.41
Volume:
Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Spoken Dialogue System Technology
Month:
February
Year:
2026
Address:
Trento, Italy
Editors:
Giuseppe Riccardi, Seyed Mahed Mousavi, Maria Ines Torres, Koichiro Yoshino, Zoraida Callejas, Shammur Absar Chowdhury, Yun-Nung Chen, Frederic Bechet, Joakim Gustafson, Géraldine Damnati, Alex Papangelis, Luis Fernando D’Haro, John Mendonça, Raffaella Bernardi, Dilek Hakkani-Tur, Giuseppe "Pino" Di Fabbrizio, Tatsuya Kawahara, Firoj Alam, Gokhan Tur, Michael Johnston
Venue:
IWSDS
SIG:
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
428–440
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.iwsds-1.41/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Run Chen, Wen Liang, Ziwei Gong, Lin Ai, and Julia Hirschberg. 2026. Detecting Mental Manipulation in Speech via Synthetic Multi-Speaker Dialogue. In Proceedings of the 16th International Workshop on Spoken Dialogue System Technology, pages 428–440, Trento, Italy. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Detecting Mental Manipulation in Speech via Synthetic Multi-Speaker Dialogue (Chen et al., IWSDS 2026)
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PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.iwsds-1.41.pdf