@inproceedings{zhang-etal-2026-redefining-machine,
title = "Redefining Machine Simultaneous Interpretation: From Incremental Translation to Human-Like Strategies",
author = "Zhang, Qianen and
Yang, Zeyu and
Nakamura, Satoshi",
editor = "Salesky, Elizabeth and
Anastasopoulos, Antonios and
Negri, Matteo and
Federico, Marcello",
booktitle = "Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Spoken Language Translation ({IWSLT} 2026)",
month = jul,
year = "2026",
address = "San Diego, USA (in-person and online)",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://aclanthology.org/2026.iwslt-1.2/",
pages = "8--31",
ISBN = "979-8-89176-411-8",
abstract = "Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) requires high-quality translations under strict real-time constraints, which traditional policies with only READ/WRITE actions cannot fully address. We extend the action space of SiMT with four adaptive actions: Sentence{\_}Cut, Drop, Partial{\_}Summarization and Pronominalization, which enable real-time restructuring, omission, and simplification while preserving semantic fidelity. We adapt these actions in a large language model (LLM) framework and construct training references through action-aware prompting. To evaluate both quality and word-level monotonicity, we further develop a latency-aware TTS pipeline that maps textual outputs to speech with realistic timing. Experiments on the ACL60/60 English-Chinese, English-German and English-Japanese benchmarks show that our framework consistently improves semantic metrics and achieves lower delay compared to reference translations and salami-based baselines. Notably, combining Drop and Sentence{\_}Cut leads to consistent improvements in the balance between fluency and latency. These results demonstrate that enriching the action space of LLM-based SiMT provides a promising direction for bridging the gap between human and machine interpretation."
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<abstract>Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) requires high-quality translations under strict real-time constraints, which traditional policies with only READ/WRITE actions cannot fully address. We extend the action space of SiMT with four adaptive actions: Sentence_Cut, Drop, Partial_Summarization and Pronominalization, which enable real-time restructuring, omission, and simplification while preserving semantic fidelity. We adapt these actions in a large language model (LLM) framework and construct training references through action-aware prompting. To evaluate both quality and word-level monotonicity, we further develop a latency-aware TTS pipeline that maps textual outputs to speech with realistic timing. Experiments on the ACL60/60 English-Chinese, English-German and English-Japanese benchmarks show that our framework consistently improves semantic metrics and achieves lower delay compared to reference translations and salami-based baselines. Notably, combining Drop and Sentence_Cut leads to consistent improvements in the balance between fluency and latency. These results demonstrate that enriching the action space of LLM-based SiMT provides a promising direction for bridging the gap between human and machine interpretation.</abstract>
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%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Redefining Machine Simultaneous Interpretation: From Incremental Translation to Human-Like Strategies
%A Zhang, Qianen
%A Yang, Zeyu
%A Nakamura, Satoshi
%Y Salesky, Elizabeth
%Y Anastasopoulos, Antonios
%Y Negri, Matteo
%Y Federico, Marcello
%S Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Spoken Language Translation (IWSLT 2026)
%D 2026
%8 July
%I Association for Computational Linguistics
%C San Diego, USA (in-person and online)
%@ 979-8-89176-411-8
%F zhang-etal-2026-redefining-machine
%X Simultaneous Machine Translation (SiMT) requires high-quality translations under strict real-time constraints, which traditional policies with only READ/WRITE actions cannot fully address. We extend the action space of SiMT with four adaptive actions: Sentence_Cut, Drop, Partial_Summarization and Pronominalization, which enable real-time restructuring, omission, and simplification while preserving semantic fidelity. We adapt these actions in a large language model (LLM) framework and construct training references through action-aware prompting. To evaluate both quality and word-level monotonicity, we further develop a latency-aware TTS pipeline that maps textual outputs to speech with realistic timing. Experiments on the ACL60/60 English-Chinese, English-German and English-Japanese benchmarks show that our framework consistently improves semantic metrics and achieves lower delay compared to reference translations and salami-based baselines. Notably, combining Drop and Sentence_Cut leads to consistent improvements in the balance between fluency and latency. These results demonstrate that enriching the action space of LLM-based SiMT provides a promising direction for bridging the gap between human and machine interpretation.
%U https://aclanthology.org/2026.iwslt-1.2/
%P 8-31
Markdown (Informal)
[Redefining Machine Simultaneous Interpretation: From Incremental Translation to Human-Like Strategies](https://aclanthology.org/2026.iwslt-1.2/) (Zhang et al., IWSLT 2026)
ACL