Quantitative Analysis of Rhyme and Metre in LLM-generated Translations of Poetry

Jan-Felix Klumpp


Abstract
While machine translation systems have been applied to many tasks with remarkable success, machine poetry translation has remained a challenge. This study investigates the capabilities of generative Large Language Models (LLMs) in the translation of poetry (taking Shakespeare’s 154 sonnets as an example) from English to German. For this purpose, I define metrics that assess the reproduction of the rhyme scheme and the metre of the original in a quantitative way. The results indicate that LLMs still lag behind professional human translators (especially with regard to the reproduction of the rhyme scheme), but that their performance is significantly influenced by the chosen prompt strategy. In particular, iteratively refining the result emerges as a successful strategy in terms of the reproduction of the form, but this comes at the expense of other aspects such as grammaticality and the reproduction of the meaning.
Anthology ID:
2026.latechclfl-1.18
Volume:
Proceedings of the 10th Joint SIGHUM Workshop on Computational Linguistics for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, Humanities and Literature 2026
Month:
March
Year:
2026
Address:
Rabat, Morocco
Editors:
Diego Alves, Yuri Bizzoni, Stefania Degaetano-Ortlieb, Anna Kazantseva, Janis Pagel, Stan Szpakowicz
Venues:
LaTeCH-CLfL | WS
SIG:
SIGHUM
Publisher:
Association for Computational Linguistics
Note:
Pages:
189–201
Language:
URL:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.latechclfl-1.18/
DOI:
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Jan-Felix Klumpp. 2026. Quantitative Analysis of Rhyme and Metre in LLM-generated Translations of Poetry. In Proceedings of the 10th Joint SIGHUM Workshop on Computational Linguistics for Cultural Heritage, Social Sciences, Humanities and Literature 2026, pages 189–201, Rabat, Morocco. Association for Computational Linguistics.
Cite (Informal):
Quantitative Analysis of Rhyme and Metre in LLM-generated Translations of Poetry (Klumpp, LaTeCH-CLfL 2026)
Copy Citation:
PDF:
https://aclanthology.org/2026.latechclfl-1.18.pdf
Supplementarymaterial:
 2026.latechclfl-1.18.SupplementaryMaterial.zip