<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<modsCollection xmlns="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods ID="vodicka-etal-2026-large">
    <titleInfo>
        <title>Large Language Models for Citation Function Classification</title>
    </titleInfo>
    <name type="personal">
        <namePart type="given">Daniel</namePart>
        <namePart type="family">Vodička</namePart>
        <role>
            <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
        </role>
    </name>
    <name type="personal">
        <namePart type="given">Pavel</namePart>
        <namePart type="family">Kral</namePart>
        <role>
            <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
        </role>
    </name>
    <name type="personal">
        <namePart type="given">Christophe</namePart>
        <namePart type="family">Cerisara</namePart>
        <role>
            <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
        </role>
    </name>
    <name type="personal">
        <namePart type="given">Jakub</namePart>
        <namePart type="family">Šmíd</namePart>
        <role>
            <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">author</roleTerm>
        </role>
    </name>
    <originInfo>
        <dateIssued>2026-05</dateIssued>
    </originInfo>
    <typeOfResource>text</typeOfResource>
    <relatedItem type="host">
        <titleInfo>
            <title>Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference</title>
        </titleInfo>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Stelios</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Piperidis</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Núria</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Bel</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Henk</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">van den Heuvel</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Nancy</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Ide</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Simon</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Krek</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <name type="personal">
            <namePart type="given">Antonio</namePart>
            <namePart type="family">Toral</namePart>
            <role>
                <roleTerm authority="marcrelator" type="text">editor</roleTerm>
            </role>
        </name>
        <originInfo>
            <publisher>ELRA Language Resource Association</publisher>
            <place>
                <placeTerm type="text">Palma de Mallorca, Spain</placeTerm>
            </place>
        </originInfo>
        <genre authority="marcgt">conference publication</genre>
    </relatedItem>
    <abstract>Citation function classification plays a crucial role in understanding the relationships between scientific publications and advancing bibliometric analysis. This study presents one of the first comprehensive evaluations of multiple state-of-the-art (SOTA) large language models (LLMs) for citation function classification, achieving new SOTA results on the ACL-ARC dataset. We systematically compare five models (Mistral 7B, Orca 2-7B, LLaMA 3.1-8B, Falcon 7B, and SciBERT) across zero-shot, few-shot, and fine-tuning approaches. Our fine-tuned Falcon 7B model achieves a 73,3% macro F1 score on ACL-ARC, representing a significant improvement over previous methods. Additionally, we introduce AC3, a novel dataset featuring a seven-category annotation scheme that distinguishes between neutral acknowledgments and explicit evaluative stances (more opinion-oriented citations – criticizing, complimenting, contradicting). The dataset is implemented across four context extraction variants to systematically evaluate the impact of contextual scope on classification performance. We also provide detailed analysis of model performance, experimental configurations, and limitations to guide future research in this domain. To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies dedicated to comprehensive model comparison for citation function classification, addressing a gap identified in recent surveys.</abstract>
    <identifier type="citekey">vodicka-etal-2026-large</identifier>
    <identifier type="doi">10.63317/4sb25z5kxz3q</identifier>
    <location>
        <url>https://aclanthology.org/2026.lrec-1.191/</url>
    </location>
    <part>
        <date>2026-05</date>
        <extent unit="page">
            <start>2430</start>
            <end>2439</end>
        </extent>
    </part>
</mods>
</modsCollection>

%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Large Language Models for Citation Function Classification
%A Vodička, Daniel
%A Kral, Pavel
%A Cerisara, Christophe
%A Šmíd, Jakub
%Y Piperidis, Stelios
%Y Bel, Núria
%Y van den Heuvel, Henk
%Y Ide, Nancy
%Y Krek, Simon
%Y Toral, Antonio
%S Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference
%D 2026
%8 May
%I ELRA Language Resource Association
%C Palma de Mallorca, Spain
%F vodicka-etal-2026-large
%X Citation function classification plays a crucial role in understanding the relationships between scientific publications and advancing bibliometric analysis. This study presents one of the first comprehensive evaluations of multiple state-of-the-art (SOTA) large language models (LLMs) for citation function classification, achieving new SOTA results on the ACL-ARC dataset. We systematically compare five models (Mistral 7B, Orca 2-7B, LLaMA 3.1-8B, Falcon 7B, and SciBERT) across zero-shot, few-shot, and fine-tuning approaches. Our fine-tuned Falcon 7B model achieves a 73,3% macro F1 score on ACL-ARC, representing a significant improvement over previous methods. Additionally, we introduce AC3, a novel dataset featuring a seven-category annotation scheme that distinguishes between neutral acknowledgments and explicit evaluative stances (more opinion-oriented citations – criticizing, complimenting, contradicting). The dataset is implemented across four context extraction variants to systematically evaluate the impact of contextual scope on classification performance. We also provide detailed analysis of model performance, experimental configurations, and limitations to guide future research in this domain. To our knowledge, this is one of the first studies dedicated to comprehensive model comparison for citation function classification, addressing a gap identified in recent surveys.
%R 10.63317/4sb25z5kxz3q
%U https://aclanthology.org/2026.lrec-1.191/
%U https://doi.org/10.63317/4sb25z5kxz3q
%P 2430-2439

Markdown (Informal)

[Large Language Models for Citation Function Classification](https://aclanthology.org/2026.lrec-1.191/) (Vodička et al., LREC 2026)

• Large Language Models for Citation Function Classification (Vodička et al., LREC 2026)

ACL

• Daniel Vodička, Pavel Kral, Christophe Cerisara, and Jakub Šmíd. 2026. Large Language Models for Citation Function Classification. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, pages 2430–2439, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. ELRA Language Resource Association.