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    <abstract>Explanation generation has gained increasing attention in the field of NLP because it makes the output of classification models more intuitively understandable for humans. This is particularly relevant for complex semantic tasks such as irony detection, where there may not be any explicit linguistic markers. Generative models have shown great potential for irony explanation in earlier work, but most studies have been limited to English. Since this is the highest-resourced language, these capabilities may not be available in languages other than English. To address this gap, this paper analyses the performance of generative models for explanation generation in Dutch, a lower-resourced but closely related language to English. Our work shows that larger proprietary models, like GPT-4, can generate meaningful explanations based on relevant world knowledge, whereas smaller open-source models still struggle to perform this task. Besides quality evaluation, we also analyse the limitations of these models, showing that GPT models struggle most with verbosity and that both open-source and proprietary models exhibit circular reasoning (”this text is ironic because the person expresses this in an ironic way”). Finally, open-source models struggle in particular for Dutch because they fail to produce the relevant world knowledge that is required to understand the irony. All models and data used for the experiments is available at iRONNIE on Hugging Face.</abstract>
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%0 Conference Proceedings
%T Exploring the Transfer of Irony Explanation Generation from English to Dutch
%A Maladry, Aaron
%A Lefever, Els
%A Van Hee, Cynthia
%A Hoste, Veronique
%Y Piperidis, Stelios
%Y Bel, Núria
%Y van den Heuvel, Henk
%Y Ide, Nancy
%Y Krek, Simon
%Y Toral, Antonio
%S Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference
%D 2026
%8 May
%I ELRA Language Resource Association
%C Palma de Mallorca, Spain
%F maladry-etal-2026-exploring
%X Explanation generation has gained increasing attention in the field of NLP because it makes the output of classification models more intuitively understandable for humans. This is particularly relevant for complex semantic tasks such as irony detection, where there may not be any explicit linguistic markers. Generative models have shown great potential for irony explanation in earlier work, but most studies have been limited to English. Since this is the highest-resourced language, these capabilities may not be available in languages other than English. To address this gap, this paper analyses the performance of generative models for explanation generation in Dutch, a lower-resourced but closely related language to English. Our work shows that larger proprietary models, like GPT-4, can generate meaningful explanations based on relevant world knowledge, whereas smaller open-source models still struggle to perform this task. Besides quality evaluation, we also analyse the limitations of these models, showing that GPT models struggle most with verbosity and that both open-source and proprietary models exhibit circular reasoning (”this text is ironic because the person expresses this in an ironic way”). Finally, open-source models struggle in particular for Dutch because they fail to produce the relevant world knowledge that is required to understand the irony. All models and data used for the experiments is available at iRONNIE on Hugging Face.
%R 10.63317/2yfyo57bytbv
%U https://aclanthology.org/2026.lrec-1.541/
%U https://doi.org/10.63317/2yfyo57bytbv
%P 6795-6807

Markdown (Informal)

[Exploring the Transfer of Irony Explanation Generation from English to Dutch](https://aclanthology.org/2026.lrec-1.541/) (Maladry et al., LREC 2026)

• Exploring the Transfer of Irony Explanation Generation from English to Dutch (Maladry et al., LREC 2026)

ACL

• Aaron Maladry, Els Lefever, Cynthia Van Hee, and Veronique Hoste. 2026. Exploring the Transfer of Irony Explanation Generation from English to Dutch. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, pages 6795–6807, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. ELRA Language Resource Association.