Enhancing Multi-Label Emotion Analysis and Corresponding Intensities for Ethiopian Languages

Tadesse Destaw Belay, Dawit Ketema Gete, Abinew Ali Ayele, Olga Kolesnikova, Iqra Ameer, Grigori Sidorov, Seid Muhie Yimam


Abstract
Developing and integrating emotion-understanding models are essential for a wide range of human- computer interaction tasks, including customer feedback analysis, marketing research, and social media monitoring. Given that users often express multiple emotions simultaneously within a single instance, annotating emotion datasets in a multi-label format is critical for capturing this complexity. The EthioEmo dataset, a multilingual and multi-label emotion dataset for Ethiopian languages, lacks emotion intensity annotations, which are crucial for distinguishing varying degrees of emotion, as not all emotions are expressed with the same intensity. We extend the EthioEmo dataset to address this gap by adding emotion intensity annotations. Furthermore, we benchmark state-of-the-art encoder-only Pretrained Language Models (PLMs) and Large Language Models (LLMs) on this enriched dataset. Our results demonstrate that African-centric encoder-only models consistently outperform open-source LLMs, highlighting the importance of culturally and linguistically tailored small models in emotion understanding. Incorporating an emotion-intensity feature for multi-label emotion classification yields better performance. The data is available at https://huggingface.co/datasets/Tadesse/EthioEmo-intensities.
Anthology ID:
2026.lrec-1.639
Volume:
Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference
Month:
May
Year:
2026
Address:
Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Editors:
Stelios Piperidis, Núria Bel, Henk van den Heuvel, Nancy Ide, Simon Krek, Antonio Toral
Venue:
LREC
SIG:
Publisher:
ELRA Language Resource Association
Note:
Pages:
8056–8075
Language:
External URL:
https://lrec.elra.info/lrec2026-main-639
DOI:
10.63317/4a4fd8aj2q2a
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Tadesse Destaw Belay, Dawit Ketema Gete, Abinew Ali Ayele, Olga Kolesnikova, Iqra Ameer, Grigori Sidorov, and Seid Muhie Yimam. 2026. Enhancing Multi-Label Emotion Analysis and Corresponding Intensities for Ethiopian Languages. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, pages 8056–8075, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. ELRA Language Resource Association.
Cite (Informal):
Enhancing Multi-Label Emotion Analysis and Corresponding Intensities for Ethiopian Languages (Belay et al., LREC 2026)
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