CIARAM: Class Imbalance Aware Generative Framework for Relational Argument Mining

Nilmadhab Das, Sayan Pal, V. V. Saradhi, Ashish Anand


Abstract
Relational Argument Mining (RAM) is a key task of computational argumentation, which aims to classify the relationships such as Support or Attack between argument component (AC) pairs. Traditional approaches primarily rely on graph-based modelling with external knowledge sources, which are complex in nature. Also, these approaches struggle with RAM datasets when relation classes are imbalanced, as they are not designed for class-imbalanced scenarios. In this work, we propose CIARAM framework to reformulate RAM as a text-to-text generation problem to generate relational labels in a flattened text format. To address the class imbalance, we employ a data augmentation strategy using a decoder-only Large Language Model (LLM) to balance the underrepresented relation classes. Across five standard RAM benchmarks, CIARAM produces strong results, specifically with the billion-parameter model, with a substantial gain in performance compared to the latest baseline, demonstrating the strong potential of our approach.
Anthology ID:
2026.lrec-1.642
Volume:
Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference
Month:
May
Year:
2026
Address:
Palma de Mallorca, Spain
Editors:
Stelios Piperidis, Núria Bel, Henk van den Heuvel, Nancy Ide, Simon Krek, Antonio Toral
Venue:
LREC
SIG:
Publisher:
ELRA Language Resource Association
Note:
Pages:
8096–8105
Language:
External URL:
https://lrec.elra.info/lrec2026-main-642
DOI:
10.63317/22mrso3w6vcq
Bibkey:
Cite (ACL):
Nilmadhab Das, Sayan Pal, V. V. Saradhi, and Ashish Anand. 2026. CIARAM: Class Imbalance Aware Generative Framework for Relational Argument Mining. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Language Resources and Evaluation Conference, pages 8096–8105, Palma de Mallorca, Spain. ELRA Language Resource Association.
Cite (Informal):
CIARAM: Class Imbalance Aware Generative Framework for Relational Argument Mining (Das et al., LREC 2026)
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